CV system AS level

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  • CV system
    • Heart
      • Conduction system
        • Electrical impulses through the heart
          • Order of impulse: 1.SA node 2.AV node 3.Bundle of his                4. Purkinjie fibres
      • Values
        • Sub-max: Q=10L/min SV=67ml HR=150bpm
        • Rest: Q=5L/min SV=70ml HR=70bpm
        • Max: Q=30L/min SV=150ml HR=200bpm
        • Q=cardiac output SV=stroke volume HR=heart rate
      • Cardiac cycle
        • Diastole
          • Relaxation phase 0.5seconds
            • 1.RA fills via VC           2.LA fills via pulmonary vein    3.Weight of blood forces open AV valves 4.Blood goes into ventricles
        • Systole
          • Contraction phase 0.3seconds
            • 1.SA-AV=atriol systole pushes blood into ventricles 2.Av-Bundle of his-Purkinjie fibres 3.Causes ventricular systole 4.Semi-lunar valves shut
    • Vascular
      • Blood Vessels: 1.Arteries 2.Arteriols 3.Capilleries 4.Venuoles 5.Veins
      • Vascular shunt
        • Redistributionof blood around the body
          • V.C.C
            • Baroreceptorsdetecet increases in blood pressure
              • V.C.C vasodilates arterioles and PCS to working muscles
                • Pre Capillary Sphincters
              • V.C.C vasoconstricts arterioles to non essential organs
            • Vasomotor Control Centre
      • Venus return
        • Returns blood to the heart
          • Mechanisms: 1.Venoconstriction 2.Pocket valves 3.Gravity- above heart 4.Skeletal muscle pumps 5.Respiratory pumps
            • 4+5 only for exercise

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