Cultural Deprivation
- Created by: zainm01
- Created on: 03-01-17 12:59
View mindmap
- Cultural Deprivation
- Language
- Hubbs- Tait et al (2002): Found that where parents use language that challenges their child found that it improves their intellectual performance.
- Feinstein found that educated parents used language in this way.
- Cultural Deprivation Theorists see the link to language connected to social class
- Bereiter & Engelmann (1966): Language used by lower-class families deficient
- As a result, their kids fail to develop necessary language skills. Growing up incapable of abstract thinking and unable to explain.
- Bereiter & Engelmann (1966): Language used by lower-class families deficient
- Speech Codes
- Basil Bernstein (1975): 2 types of speech code; RESTRICTED & ELABORATED CODE
- RESTRICTED CODE: Used by w/c. Limited vocab and based on the use of short grammatical sentences. It is context-bound: meaning speaker assumes the listener shares the same experiences as the listener
- ELABORATED CODE: Used by m/c. Has a wider vocab and based on longer and more complex sentences.Speech more varied. It's context-free: meaning that the speaker doesn't assume that the listener shares the same experiences
- The differences in speech codes put m/c pupils at an advantage. Because the elaborated code used by teachers, textbooks and exams.
- Basil Bernstein (1975): 2 types of speech code; RESTRICTED & ELABORATED CODE
- Hubbs- Tait et al (2002): Found that where parents use language that challenges their child found that it improves their intellectual performance.
- Parents' Education
- Douglas (1964): w/c parents placed less value on education. As a result, less ambitious for children, gave less encouragement and took less interest in their education
- Feinstein (2008): Reaches a similar conclusion. Argues parents education is an important factor and since m/c parents have better education they are able to give their children an advantage by being able to socialise them.
- Parenting Style
- Educated parents' parenting style consists of: discipline and high expectations which supports achievement and active learning and exploration.
- Whereas, less educated parents' is more harsh/ inconsistent discipline, leading to poorer motivation at school and problems interacting with teachers
- Educated parents' parenting style consists of: discipline and high expectations which supports achievement and active learning and exploration.
- Parents educational behaviour
- Educated parents more aware of what's needed to help their child improve their educational progress. They do this by: reading, teaching them the alphabet and numbers, helping with homework and going to parents evenings.
- Less educated parents are less likely to be aware of how to help their child improve. So they won't do the things more educate d parents will do.
- Educated parents more aware of what's needed to help their child improve their educational progress. They do this by: reading, teaching them the alphabet and numbers, helping with homework and going to parents evenings.
- Use of Income
- Better educated parents not only have a higher income, they also know how to spend it to boost their child's educational success
- Bernstein and Young found m/c mothers more likely to buy educational toys and books that stimulate intellectual development
- Educated parents have a better understanding of nutrition and its importance in child development
- Better educated parents not only have a higher income, they also know how to spend it to boost their child's educational success
- Douglas (1964): w/c parents placed less value on education. As a result, less ambitious for children, gave less encouragement and took less interest in their education
- Working-Class Subculture
- Cultural deprivation theorists argue that a lack of parental interest in their child's education reflects the values of the w/c.
- Sugarman agrees with this view. Argues w/c subculture has 4 key areas that act as a barrier to achievement, these are:
- Fatalism: Belief in fate and what happens will happen and you can't change it
- Collectivism: Valuing being part of a group more than succeeding as an individual
- Immediate Gratification: Seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to get rewards in the future
- Present-time Orientation: Seeing the present as more important than the future and so not having long-term goals.
- Sugarman agrees with this view. Argues w/c subculture has 4 key areas that act as a barrier to achievement, these are:
- Subculture: A group whose attitudes and values differ from the mainstream group
- Cultural deprivation theorists argue that a lack of parental interest in their child's education reflects the values of the w/c.
- Compensatory Education
- These programmes aim to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to schools and communities in deprived areas.
- Two examples of this are: - Operation Head Start (US) and - Sure Start
- Myth Of Cultural Deprivation
- Nell Keddie: Describes cultural deprivation as a victim-blaming explanation
- Tronya & Williams: Argue that the problem isn't the child's language but the school's attitude towards it!
- Blackstone & Mortimore: W/c parents attend fewer parent's evenings because they work longer or irregular hours. They may want to help their child but may not have the knowledge or education to!
- Language
Comments
No comments have yet been made