Chemistry: Crude oil and fuels

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  • Created by: Bexxmay
  • Created on: 04-04-14 16:23
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  • Crude Oil and Fuels
    • Fuels from crude oil
      • Seperate a mixture of liquid by distillation
        • Liquids called fractions
      • mixture of many different compounds
      • Most compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons; Hydrogen and carbon
      • Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons
        • Contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible in their molecules
    • Fractional distillation
      • Crude oil is seperated into fractions using fractional distillation
      • The properties of each fraction depends on the size of they hydrocarbon molecule
      • Fractions with lower boiling points are less viscous and burn more easily
    • Burning Fuels
      • Burning hydrocarbons in plenty of air produces carbon dioxide and water
      • Burning hydrocarbons in a limited supply of air may produce carbon monoxide and solid particles
      • Any sulfure compound in the fuel burn to produce sulfure dioxide
      • Oxides of nitrogen can be formed when fuels burn under extreme conditions.
    • Cleaner fuels
      • Carbon dioxide from burning fuels causes Global Warming
      • Sulfure dioxide and nitrogen oxxide cause acid rain
        • Particles cause Global Dimming
      • Pollutants can be removed from waste gases after the fuel is burned
    • Alternative fuels
      • Biodiesel can be made from vegetable oils
      • Biofuels are renewable sources of energy that can be used instead of fossil fuels
      • There are advantages and disadvantages for using biofuels
      • Ethanol made from sugar is a biofuel
      • hydroge is a potential fuel for the future

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