Crude Oil and Fuels - C1 Unit 4
- Created by: chickpeatweet
- Created on: 28-03-14 18:24
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- Crude Oil and Fuels
- Fuels from crude oil
- Crude oil contains compounds different boiling points
- Burn under different conditions
- Distillation separates a mixture of liquids
- Liquids that boil within different temp. ranges are called fractions
- Larger the molecule, the higher the boiling point
- Most compounds in crude oil made of hydrocarbons
- Most of these alkanes
- With formula CnH(2n+2)
- Contains as many hydrogen atoms as possible so saturated
- Most of these alkanes
- Crude oil contains compounds different boiling points
- Fractional Distillation
- Crude oil separated using fractional disitllation
- Vapourised in a fractionating column
- Hot at bottom, cooler at top
- Hydrocarbon condenses to liquid when at level of boiling point
- Hot at bottom, cooler at top
- Fractions with low boiling points have low viscosity
- Runny
- flammable so ignite easily
- Make good fuels
- Burning Fuels
- When hydrocarbons burned completely (oxidised) they make CO2 and water
- When burned with limited air supply, may make carbon monoxide
- incomplete combustion
- Most fossil fuels burn to make sulfur dioxide
- This causes acid rain
- When fuels burned at high temperatures, oxygen and nitrogen may combine to make nitrogen oxides
- This causes acid rain
- Cleaner Fuels
- Carbon dioxide is a green house gas - global warming
- Filters are used in exhaust pipes and power stations to prevent these harmful substances entering the atmosphere
- Carbon monoxide is very poisonous
- Filters are used in exhaust pipes and power stations to prevent these harmful substances entering the atmosphere
- Sulphur can be removed from fuel so less sulfur dioxide when burned
- Carbon dioxide is a green house gas - global warming
- Alternative Fuels
- Biofuels
- Fuels from crude oil
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