CRUDE OIL
- Created by: beth
- Created on: 01-01-13 20:47
View mindmap
- CRUDE OIL
- CRUDE OIL is a mixture of many different COMPOUNDS, which are mostly HYDROCARBON MOLECULES
- HYDROCARBON MOLECULES are made up of just CARBON and HYDROGEN
- The different parts of a mixture AREN'T CHEMICALLY BONDED to one another, so keep their ORIGINAL PROPERTIES (i.e. condensing points)
- CRUDE OIL can be split up into its seperate FRACTIONS by FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
- The FRACTIONATING COLUM works CONTINUOSLY, with the HEATED CRUDE OIL piped in at the BOTTOM
- The VAPORISED crude oil RISES UP the column and the various FRACTIONS are constantly TAPPED OFF at DIFFERENT LEVELS where they CONDESE
- ALKANES
- All the fractions of the crude oil are hydrocarbons called ALKANES
- Alkanes are made up of chains of CARBON atoms surrounded by HYDROGENS atoms
- Alkanes are made up of chains of CARBON atoms surrounded by HYDROGENS atoms
- Alkanes are SATURATED because their CARBON ATOMS are joined together by SINGLE BONDS (Each straight line shows a COVALENT BOND)
- The general formula for alkanes is: CnH2n + 2
- Shorter molecules: -LESS VISCOUS -MORE VOLATILE -MORE FLAMMABLE
- All the fractions of the crude oil are hydrocarbons called ALKANES
- CRUDE OIL AS A FUEL
- CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS burn CLEANLY so make good fuels for many MODERN TRANSPORT (e.g. Cars, trains, planes ...)
- Crude oil provides the RAW MATERIALS for making various CHEMICALS (i.e. Plastics)
- ALTERNATIVES to crude oil fractions as fuel include NULEAR or WIND power, ETHANOL-powered cars and SOLAR energy to heat water
- ADVANTAGES
- Many things are SET UP for using oil fractions
- Crude oil fractions are often the EASIEST and CHEAPEST thing to use
- More RELIABLE
- DISADVANTAGES
- Its a NON-RENEWABLE fuel
- Oil spills can POISON BIRDS and SEA CREATURES
- You have to BURN the oil, which is a major cause of GLOBAL WARMING, ACID RAIN and GLOBAL DIMMING
- ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
- Burning FOSSIL FUELS releases GASES and PARTICLES
- Power stations and cars burn fossil fuels
- CRUDE OIL is a mixture of many different COMPOUNDS, which are mostly HYDROCARBON MOLECULES
Comments
No comments have yet been made