Crude Oil
- Created by: freddieam
- Created on: 07-04-16 12:13
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- Crude Oil
- It's a mixture of different hydrocarbon molecules
- This is a thick black mixture trapped in some sedimentary rocks. It is called a fossil fuel because it was formed from the remains of marine plants and animals.
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Hydrocarbons are compounds that are made of
hydrogen and carbon atoms only
- The hydrocarbon molecules in crude oil have different numbers of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms
- Crude oil will run out one day and it being made much more slowly than we are using it – this means that it is a non-renewable energy resource
- Crude oil is a mixture of different compounds which have different boiling points. The mixture
is split up into fractions by fractional
distillation
- Each fraction is also a mixture of different compounds, but many fewer compounds.
- The fractions containing hydrocarbons with the shortest molecules have lower boiling points, lower viscosity (they are runnier) and are easier to ignite (set alight) than fractions containing larger molecules.
- Each fraction has different uses:
- Gases are used for heating and cooking
- Petrol is used as fuel for cars
- Kerosene is used as aircraft fuel
- Diesel oil is used for fuel for some cars and trains
- Fuel oil is used by ships and is burned in some power stations
- Bitumen is used to make roads and to male some roofs waterproof
- It's a mixture of different hydrocarbon molecules
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