Crime and Punishment: Modern Period (1900-present)

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  • Modern Period (1900 - present)
    • crime
      • football
        • began in the 1970s and 80s
        • was riots from fans of opposing teams
        • CCTV was introduced
        • seats were introduced in stadiums
        • rising cost of tickets meant that a certain type of people could attend
      • car crime
        • 1967 - alcohol limit
        • 1983 - drivers' seatbelt
        • 1992 - speed cameras introduced
        • problem with car theft
      • cyber crime
        • began in the 1990s with the start of the internet
        • scams involve emails/ hacking businesses, banks, gov't etc
        • this is rising
        • illegal downloads of media, ie films, music
      • race / hate crimes
        • 1965 / 68 / 76 race relation acts to stop people denying jobs based on race
        • Stephen Lawrence (1993)
        • 2005 - can be tried for same crime more than once
        • 1% but rising
      • drugs
        • increase in 1960s due to pop culture
        • drug smuggling gangs
        • addicts may lead to violent crimes
        • 1971 - class system by letters
    • punishments
      • corporal
        • beatings, physical violence
        • 1933 - ended for young offenders
        • 1948 - ended for all
        • 1962 - ended for prisoners
      • capital
        • 1965 - abolition act
        • 1964 - last 2 executions in Britain
        • 1969 - permanently abolished
      • laws
        • 1907 - probation
        • 1967 - parole
        • 1972 -  community service, asbos,
        • 1990 - victims code
      • prisons
        • 1902 - young offenders - borstal
        • 1988 - institutions
        • rehabilitation
        • Paterson reforms
          • to educate
          • to reform
        • issues with riots
        • overcrowding
        • high costs
    • law enforcement
      • courts
        • 1908 - juvenile courts
        • 1919 - women on juries
        • 1920 - first female JP
        • 1971 - new crown court
      • police
        • 1970s - erosion of trust
        • lack of officers on streets
        • corruption
        • crowd control
        • traffic offences
        • investigate terrorism
        • riot control
        • PCSOs - community support
        • 5% of officers are trained in fire arms
        • 4% are minority ethnic groups
        • men and women are part of the police force
        • national training college

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