Creation of a welfare state

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  • Creation of a welfare state
    • The Family Allowances Act (1945)
      • Significance: c. child benefits (25p/week/child) payable to the mother
    • The National Insurance Act (1946)
      • Significance: 25p/week charge to all workers
        • *abolished means-testing*
        • Not progressive - poor paid much more
      • Unemployment/sickness benefits universally avaliable
      • State pension
        • Bevan anticipated phasing out over time, but Griffiths thought non-contributors should be entitled
    • The Industrial Industries Act (1946)
      • Significance: right to compensation for accidents/ injuries in the workplace paid by the NI fund (esp. mining)
    • The National Assistance Act (1948)
      • Significance: welfare to those not covered by NI (unemployed) - homeless/ disabled/ unmarried mothers/ poor pensioners
      • Abolished PACs for a NAB
      • Responsabilities to local authorities
    • The extent of consensus of welfare provision in the period 1945-64
      • Conservatives
        • Harold Wilson advocated Conservative welfarism
          • Wrote The Middle Way (1938) - advocating government regulation of private enterprise/ welfare
        • Macmillan (57-61) feared poverty of 1930s
          • U/M-C responsibility to care
          • Knew cuts were unpopular/unelectable (popular)
        • Radicals like Enoch Powell were a minority
    • The NHS

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