Craik & Tulving (1975)

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  • Created by: Maggie
  • Created on: 20-05-13 09:51
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  • Craik & Tulving (1975)
    • Aim
      • Whether words that were processed for their meaning (semantic) would be better remembered processed by their appearance or sound
    • Procedure
      • Lab Experiment
      • Repeated Measures
      • 20 Participants
      • Answer questions on a list of words
      • 40 words were presented, followed by a question which required  a YES or NO answer
      • Recall was measured by recognition task
        • Participants had to choose as many of the original words they could remember, amongst numerous others
    • Results
      • 80% semantic
      • 50% Phonetic
      • 18% structural
    • Conclusion
      • This study shows that...
        • Deeper the level of processing the more durable the memory and better recall
        • Semantic processing, involves thinking, deeper processing, better remembered
    • Evaluation
      • Generalisability
        • Small Sample, might not be generalizable or representative
      • Reliability
        • Lab experiment, controlled environment
        • Study was replicated, findings were consistent, therefore reliable
      • Applications
        • Practical applications, education, making meaningful notes
      • Ecological Validity
        • Low ecological validity, artificial settings,
        • HOWEVER, incidental learning

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