Coronary Heart Disease
- Created by: dellalou
- Created on: 15-06-16 11:27
View mindmap
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Symptoms
- angina (chest pain)
- heart attack
- Causes
- coronary arteries become narrowed due to a build up of fatty deposits (plaques), known as ATHEROSCLEROSIS
- causes a reduction in oxygenated blood flowing to the heart muscle
- DIET
- high levels of salt and sat fat = deposit cholesterol in arteries and development of hypertension
- increase in body weight puts a strain in the cardio-vascular system
- ALCOHOL
- it's a toxin, and too much can damage the heart
- SMOKING
- nicotine and carbon monoxide put a strain on the heart, and increases the risk of blood clots
- GENETICS
- CAD can be caused by a single gene defect = increase risk
- LIFESTYLE
- stress has been linked to CAD and an increase in hypertension
- lack of exercise, high blood pressure
- coronary arteries become narrowed due to a build up of fatty deposits (plaques), known as ATHEROSCLEROSIS
- Diagnosis
- ANGIOGRAM
- observe the structure and function of the heart and identify if the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked
- a dye is injected into the blood to locate sites of blockage
- CARDIAC ULTRASOUND
- produces an image of the heart and identifies the structure and function of the heart, the thickness of the heart muscle and valve movements
- BLOOD PRESSURE TEST
- way of checking for hypertension
- ECG
- records the rhythm and electrical activity of the heart, and records any abnormalities
- ANGIOGRAM
- Treatment
- LIFESTYLE CHANGES
- stop smoking
- eat healthily
- regular exercise
- MEDICATION
- Antiplatelets
- thin blood and prevent it clotting
- Statins
- cholesterol-lowering medicine, by blocking the formation of cholesterol and increasing LDL receptors in liver
- Beta-Blockers
- slow the heart rate, lower blood pressure and prevent angina
- Nitrates
- relaxes the blood vessels and widens them; lowers blood pressure and relieves heart pain
- Diuretics
- flush excess water and salt from the body through urine
- Antiplatelets
- ANGIOPLASTY
- a small balloon is inserted into the narrowed artery and inflated to widen the artery and let blood flow through more easily
- if a STENT is used, it is inserted with the balloon and when the balloon is deflated and removed, the stent says in place, holding the artery open
- HEART TRANSPLANT
- involves replacing a heart that is not functioning properly with a healthy donor heart
- CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT
- involves re-routing the blood flow around the blocked part of the artery
- blood vessel is grafted between the aorta and the blocked part of the CA
- PACEMAKER
- a small, electronic device which sends electrical impulses to the heart to maintain the correct pace of the heart
- LIFESTYLE CHANGES
- Lifestyle Effects
- increased time off work
- frustration, depression, anxiety, fear
- frequent medical appointments
- side effects from medication
- painful surgery and procedures
- strain on social relationships
- Symptoms
Comments
No comments have yet been made