Coordination and Control - B1 Unit 2
- Created by: chickpeatweet
- Created on: 28-02-14 17:29
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- Coordination and Control - B1 Unit 2.1-2.4
- Responding to Change
- Receptors detect stimuli
- Receptors are in sense organs
- Eyes
- Ears
- Nose
- Tongue
- Skin
- Stimuli
- Sound
- Chemicals
- Temperture
- Touch
- Electrical impulses pass to the brain along neurons (nerve cells)
- Receptors are in sense organs
- The Central Nervous System is made up of the brain and spinal cord
- Nerves contain neurons
- Sensory Neurons
- These carry impulses from receptors to the CNS
- Motor Neurons
- These carry impulses from the CNS to the effector organs
- Effector Organs
- These can be muscles or glands which respond by contracting or secreting chemicals
- Effector Organs
- These carry impulses from the CNS to the effector organs
- Sensory Neurons
- Receptors detect stimuli
- Reflex Actions
- A receptor detects a stimulus
- A Sensory Neuron transmits the impulse to the CNS
- A Relay Neuron passes on the impulse within the CNS
- A Motor Neuron is stimulated
- The Impulse passes to an effector
- Action is taken
- The Impulse passes to an effector
- A Motor Neuron is stimulated
- A Relay Neuron passes on the impulse within the CNS
- A Sensory Neuron transmits the impulse to the CNS
- The gap between two neurons is a synapse
- Chemicals transmit the impulse across the gap
- This sequence is called a reflex arc
- A receptor detects a stimulus
- Stimulus - Receptor - Sensory - CNS - Motor - Effector
- Sex Really Stimulates Creative Movement in Emergencies
- Hormones and the Menstrual Cycle
- Hormones on your period
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- F = First hormone produce
- Made in the pituitary gland
- Causes egg to mature and Oestrogen to be produced
- Oestrogen
- Produced by the ovaries
- Stops the production of FSH
- Causes the production of LH and stimulates the lining of the womb to thicken
- Luteinising Hormone (LH)
- Made by the pituitary gland
- Causes the egg to be released from the ovary (ovulation)
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- The cycle takes roughly 28 days
- Ovulation takes place on the 14th day
- Hormones on your period
- The Artificial Control of Fertility
- The Pill
- Contains Oestrogen and Progesterone
- Prevents the production of FSH
- IVF
- Fertility drugs used to mature lots of eggs at once.
- Eggs are collected and put in a petri dish with a special solution
- Sperm are added to the petri dish to fertilise the egg
- They are checked to see if they are developing then one or two are placed in the uterus.
- With chance at least one baby will grow.
- They are checked to see if they are developing then one or two are placed in the uterus.
- Sperm are added to the petri dish to fertilise the egg
- Eggs are collected and put in a petri dish with a special solution
- Fertility drugs used to mature lots of eggs at once.
- FSH and LH can be given as fertility reatment
- FSH causes eggs to mature and LH causes ovulation
- Advantages and Disadvantages
- Advantages
- Contraceptives have reduced family sizes, reducing poverty
- Women can plan and control their pregnancies
- Fertility can reduce stress and help infertile couples
- Disadvantages
- The Pill can cause side effects
- Some people object to the use of the pill and IVF due to ethical or religious reasons
- IVF is very expensive
- Advantages
- The Pill
- Responding to Change
- Coordination and Control - B1 Unit 2.5-2.7
- Controlling Conditions
- The body has to carefully control it's internal environment
- Internal Conditions
- Water Content
- Water leaves the body as we breathe and sweat
- Excess water is lost in the urine
- This is produced by the kidneys
- Ion Content
- We lose ions in our sweat and urine
- Temperature
- We must keep our temperature constant otherwise enzymes in our body wont be able to work as well or at all
- Blood Sugar Level
- Sugar is the energy source for cells
- This is controlled by the pancreas
- Water Content
- Internal Conditions
- The body has to carefully control it's internal environment
- Hormones and the Control of Plant Growth
- Plants are sensitive to three things
- Light
- Phototropism
- Plant shoots grow towards light
- Gravity
- Gravitropism or Geotropism
- Roots grow down towards gravity
- Moisture
- Roots grow towards water
- The hormone Auxin controls phototropism and gravitropism
- Unequal balance of auxin in the root or shoot causes unequal speed of growth causing the shoot'root to bend
- Auxin in the root slows growth - it grows faster on the side with less auxin
- Auxin in the shoot increases growth - It grows faster on the side with more auxin
- Plant hormones can be used as weed killers or to help root growth
- Unequal balance of auxin in the root or shoot causes unequal speed of growth causing the shoot'root to bend
- Light
- Plants are sensitive to three things
- Using Hormones
- In Women
- Used in contraceptives - so they can prevent pregnancy and plan when they want one
- Can be used to help become pregnant
- In plants
- Plant hormones used by gardeners and farmers
- Weed killers
- When cuttings are taken, hormones used to stimulate root growth
- Used to help fruit ripen
- If used incorrectly can cause damage
- Weedkillers may harm other plants
- In Women
- Controlling Conditions
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