Control, Prevention and Punishment

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  • Created by: ecotts
  • Created on: 03-04-18 14:55
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  • Control, Prevention and Punishment
    • Criminal Justice System
      • Role
        • Deterring people from crime
        • Protect the public from crime/ offenders
        • Punishing criminal behaviour
        • Reforming or rehabilitating criminal
      • Stages
        • 1. Questioning
        • 2. Arrests
        • 3. Charge
        • 4. Bail/ remand custody
        • 5. Trial
        • 6. conviction
        • 7. sentence
    • Punishment
      • Concerned with preventing crime
      • Concerned with punishing already committed crimes
      • Joyce
        • he explains why punishment might be necessary
          • Deterrence
            • it brings offenders to justice and publicly punishing them will encourage potential offenders to think twice about committing
            • it can be individual or general
              • For example, individual deterrence might involve having an unfixed sentence so that they can show they have changed before being released
              • General deterrence might entail having a very harsh punishment so that people are scared to offend
          • Incapacitation
            • it is aimed at protecting potential victims by stopping offenders repeating crime
            • This includes
              • Imprisonment
              • Capital punishment, permanent imprisonment
              • Restrictions of offenders freedom outside prison
          • Rehabilitation
            • This is changing the offenders values and behaviours in order to top them from committing crimes
            • this is through psychologicaland educational programmes
              • as well as community service etc
              • its to encourage them to conform to society's predominant normal and values
          • Retribution
            • Aimed at giving a fair punishment to the offender who have done harm to others
              • it may be seen as satisfying the desire of victims and their families for what is seen as justice
            • It links to restitution which means the offender should restore/  make amends on what they have down wrong
              • such as making a financial payment
    • Perspectives on Punishment
      • Functionalist
        • it reinforces social solidarity and reaffirms the boundaries between right and wrong
        • Criticism
          • It assumes that there is a consensus in society, where as in reality there may be different views on what is moral and what isn't
        • Durkhiem
      • Marxist
        • the law is not a product of shared beliefs of members of society, but a product of beliefs from the ruling class
        • Criticism
          • They take little account of gender or ethnicity
          • and there is the occasional time where capitalists find themselves on the wrong side of the law and end up being imprisoned

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