Social Influence - 1. Conformity: Types & Explanations

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  • Conformity: Types & Explanations
    • Types of Conformity
      • Internalisation
        • genuinely accept group norms
        • private and public change
        • persists in absence of group pressure
        • permanent
      • Compliance
        • superficial change
        • public but not private change
        • 'going along with others'
      • Identification
        • Identify with a group we value
        • Public but not necessarily private change
    • Explanations for Conformity
      • Two process theory
        • Deutsch & Gerard (1955)
        • ISI
          • need to be right
          • who has the better info
          • cognitive process
          • new / ambiguous / crisis situation s
          • isn't clear what's right
          • someone seen as more expert
        • NSI
          • need to be liked
          • normal / typical behaviour for social group
          • emotional process
          • fear of rejection
          • ambiguous / stressful situations
          • gain social approval
    • Evaluation
      • Individual differences in NSI
        • McGhee & Teevan (1967)
          • students high in need of affiliation more likely to conform
        • those less concerned with being liked are less affected
        • NSI doesn't affect everyone same way
        • nAffilators
          • people who have a greater need for affiliation
      • Individual differences in ISI
        • Perrin & Spencer (1980)
          • very little conformity
          • engineering students
        • ISI doesn't affect everyone same way
        • Asch (1955)
          • students less conformist than other pp's
      • Research support for NSI
        • Asch (1951)
          • they felt self-conscious, afraid of disapproval
          • when asked to write answers - conformity fell
          • asked  pp's why they agreed with the wrong answer
      • Research support for ISI
        • Lucas et al. (2006)
          • more conformity to incorrect answers with difficult problems
          • people conform when they dont know the answer
          • look to others and assume they know better
          • mathematical problems
      • ISI and NSI work together
        • both processes involved, not operating independently
        • oversimplified

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