Components of Blood
- Created by: nauranazh
- Created on: 19-05-19 17:15
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- Components of Blood
- Red Blood Cells
- contain hemoglobin (gives blood its color) - contains lots of iron
- no nucleus - frees more space for more hemoglobin, so they can carry more oxygen
- pick up oxygen from the lungs - adapted to carry oxygen around the body (tissues and cells) where it is needed
- In the lungs : hemoglobin + oxygen = hemoglobin In body cells, the reverse reaction happens to release oxygen into the cells
- The binding of oxygen is a reversible reaction
- small and biconcave discs
- to give a large surface area for absorbing and releasing oxygen
- Plasma
- liquid part of the blood (pale yellow color), mainly consisting of water
- contains everything in the blood
- Red and White Blood Cells
- Platelets
- Hormones
- Hormones act as chemical messengers
- Antibodies/ Antitoxins
- contains everything in the blood
- digested food molecules (i.e glucose and amino acids) from the gut to the body cells)
- urea from the liver to the kidneys
- carbon dioxide from the body cells to the lungs
- heat energy
- liquid part of the blood (pale yellow color), mainly consisting of water
- White Blood Cells
- part of the body's defense system against pathogens
- Lymphocytes
- each pathogens has antigens on its surface. When they come across foreign antigens, lymphocytes 'mark' them by producing proteins called antibodies which lock on to the invading pathogens
- the antibodies mark the pathogens out for the phagocytes to ingest (the lymphocytes don't kill the pathogens)
- the antibodies are specific to a type of antigen so they won't lock on to any other. Instead it'll produce rapidly and flow around the body to mark similar pathogens
- some of the lymphocytes stay in the blood as "memory cells"
- that's why you're immune to most diseases if you have already had them
- some of the lymphocytes stay in the blood as "memory cells"
- the antibodies are specific to a type of antigen so they won't lock on to any other. Instead it'll produce rapidly and flow around the body to mark similar pathogens
- the antibodies mark the pathogens out for the phagocytes to ingest (the lymphocytes don't kill the pathogens)
- each pathogens has antigens on its surface. When they come across foreign antigens, lymphocytes 'mark' them by producing proteins called antibodies which lock on to the invading pathogens
- Phagocytes
- detect foreign pathogens and engulf them in order to ingest/ destroy them
- they are non-specific and will attack anything that is not meant to be there
- Lymphocytes
- part of the body's defense system against pathogens
- Platelets
- lack of platelets cause excessive bleeding and bruising
- Help clot the blood by "clumping" together
- no nucleus
- small fragments of cells
- help to produce a network of protein threads called "fibrin"
- threads capture lots of red blood cells and more platelets to from jelly-like clot
- the clot dries and hardens to form a scab
- the scab protects the new skin as it grows and stops blood loss and also prevents microorganisms entering the wound
- the clot dries and hardens to form a scab
- threads capture lots of red blood cells and more platelets to from jelly-like clot
- Red Blood Cells
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