Case studies of earthquakes in MEDCs and LEDCs
- Created by: mbull
- Created on: 13-01-18 16:25
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- Comparing Earthquakes - MEDCs and LEDCs
- Kobe, Japan - MEDC
- Happened because Japan is on a plate boundary.
- The denser oceanic Philippines plate is pushed underneath the lighter continental Eurasian plate.
- When
- January 17th 1995
- Magnitude
- 7.2
- Where
- The port city of Kobe on the south coast of Japan
- Largest earthquake in Japan for 47 years.
- Primary effects
- Over 6000 died.
- Many injured.
- 200,000 buildings destroyed
- Offices
- Houses
- Port facilities
- Elevated roads collapsed and 130km of railway track put out of use.
- Gas and water pipes fractured and 300 fires broke out.
- Over 6000 died.
- Secondary effects
- It was the middle of winter so survivors had to be given refuge fast to avoid hypothermia.
- Over 700 after-shocks
- Many people left Kobe.
- Not all returned.
- Many people left Kobe.
- Some companies forced to close as factories were so badly damaged.
- Port put out of trade for 3 months reducing trade in the area.
- Impacts
- Social
- 300,000 homeless
- 5,000 died
- Economic
- Damage to all the transport facilities
- Environmental
- Liquefaction
- Social
- Responses
- Long term
- Roads have been made earthquake proof in the last 20 years
- Short term
- Motorways collapsed
- Long term
- Happened because Japan is on a plate boundary.
- Haiti - LEDC
- When
- January 12th 2010
- Happened because Port Au Prince is on a fault line.
- North American plate slid underneath the Caribean plate.
- Many aftershocks after earthquake.
- Epicentre of earthquake was in the most densely populated part of Haiti.
- Where
- Port Au Prince, Hati
- Magnitude
- 7.0
- Before
- Poor building construction
- Many people live in self-built homes, low quality building materials and lack of building codes.
- Poor building construction
- Hours later
- Transport disruption
- Main runway in Haiti was put out of action by the earthquake for days
- Little medical aid could be flown in.
- Transport disruption
- Days later
- Public disorder
- Lack of police meant gangs took over the streets.
- Violence
- Looting
- Lynching of looters
- Lack of police meant gangs took over the streets.
- Public disorder
- Months later
- Refugee camps
- Slow arrival of food, clean water and medical care
- Survivors died from injuries
- Months later many people still lived in camps with no proper toilets or clean water
- Cholera deaths and hurricane danger.
- Slow arrival of food, clean water and medical care
- Refugee camps
- Social impacts
- 316,000 died
- Economic impacts
- US raised $48 million to help Haiti recover
- Environmental impacts
- Rubble blocked roads and rail links
- 250,000 houses collapsed
- Responses
- Short term
- Emergency rescue teams from different countries.
- Long term
- Took longer than a year to re-house everyone
- Short term
- When
- Kobe, Japan - MEDC
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