PSYA4- Cognitive models

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  • Cognitive models for addictive beheviours
    • self-regulation
      • key factor in the development of addiction problems
        • involves weighing up the importance of social and physical factors and personal goals when planning beheviour
          • addictive beheviours are thought to occur more in those who place reliance on external structures (e.g. drugs) to maintain balance between physical and psychological needs
      • people who engage in self destructive beheviours have Impaired control of their own actions, they want to stop but cannot; they have faulty ways of weighing up consequences
        • Ainslie- people are able to consider present and future consequences but they attach different significance to them; placing too much enphasis on the short term rewards
          • Herrnstein and Prelec- this is called cognitive myopia- giving into short term desires or 'short sightedness'
      • Beck et al- addictive beliefs play and important part in the development of addictive behaviours. a person may find it fun to smoke/drink but these beliefs change into needing to smoke/drink
        • these people often have a very negative view of themselves and may have depression or anxiety
    • the cognitive processing model
      • Tiffany- addictive behaviours become automatic- we don't think about doing them, we just do
        • everyday the addict is faced with triggers for the the automatic response of addiction-
          • resisting these automatic responses requires huge mental effort and for everything else in their life to be in order

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