cognitive approach RR

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  • cognitive approach
    • Intro
      • primarily focuses on the internal mental processes
      • Anderson, research on human performance and attention lead to developments into computer science
      • adopts the use of scientific, experimental methods to measure mental processes = rejecting the psychodynamic use of introspection
      • advocates the importance of mental processes such as beliefs, desires, motivation
      • focus on memory. interested in how individual can learn to solve problems that exist between stimulus and response
    • information processing approach
      • can be compared to a computer in terms of the mind being a softwear and brain being the hardware
        • indivicuals can encode information, store or transform information and provide an output or behaviour
      • we can use the information processing model to explain everyday behaviours
    • computational and connectionist models
      • still used the computer analogy to explain mental processes
      • emphasis on how largely to do with the use of stimulus to study human intelligence is structured
      • seeks to explain how our cognitive system operates in terms of goals, plans and actions that are involved with performance
      • connectionist model uses neural analogy- the mind is made up from a huge array of neurons
        • the connections between the neurons form an activationg pattern which represtnets meaningful accociation betwwen environmental and stimuli
    • evaluation
      • focuses on internal mental processes, unlike behaviourism (S)
      • uses scientific experimental methods, unlike humanistic (S)
      • models such as information processing approach have been effectively used to explain mental processes (S)
      • have been criticised as over simplistic- ignoring complexities of brain (W)
      • humans viewed as machines with crude comparison of the mind to a computer (W)
      • cognitive theories based on performance of artificial lab tasks = unrepresentative to everyday (W)
  • can be compared to a computer in terms of the mind being a softwear and brain being the hardware
    • indivicuals can encode information, store or transform information and provide an output or behaviour

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