Cognitive Approach
The Cognitive Approach, minus the methodology.
- Created by: Tash_xo
- Created on: 23-02-14 15:22
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- Cognitive Approach
- Approaches
- Mental processes explain behaviour
- The mind is like a computer
- Attribution Theory
- Linked to mental processes explain behaviour
- Internal: Caused by a person's internal trait External: Characteristics of the situation
- Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE): A mistake made when attributing a behaviour to an internal or dispostional factor rather than an external situational factor
- Example: The bus driver goes right past your bus stop even though the bus is half empty. You assume he was being rude but there could have been an emergency on the bus
- Kelley's Covariation Model
- Attributions are a product of a number of factors
- Consistency: If the behaviour is consistent then it is more likely to be considered an internal attribution
- Consensus: If the behaviour is compared to other people's behaviour we are more likely to consider an external attribution
- Strengths
- Best way to study causal relationships. Extraneous variables can be carefully controlled. Produces reliable and accurate results
- Experiments can be quantified. This makes it easier to analyse and make comparisons.
- Weaknesses
- Lab experiments may not represent everyday life, people will not take it seriously / emotionally. If they thought it was real it would provide accurate results. Eg. The Weapon Effect
- Participants behave unnaturally because they will try and guess the purpose of the study. They may spoil the study- Demand Characteristics
- Rational Emotive Therapy
- Aims to help the client think more rationally about their lives. Unconditional Positive Regard: Therapist values the worth of the client and is non-judgemental. Client is likely to change their beliefs
- Linked to: Internal mental processes explain behaviour. Mustabatory thinking: false beliefs the client believes must be true. Faulty fault = faulty behaviour. RET = Fix faulty fault. DIsputing effective
- D= Disputing existing faulty beliefs. E= Effective new beliefs now replace the older faulty beliefs
- A= Activating Event. B= Belief. C= Consequence.
- Bad Event = Positive Belief = Healthy Negative Emotion
- Bad Event = Negative Believe = Unhealthy Negative Emotion
- Approaches
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