Cognitive Explanations of Mental Illness
- Created by: PsychoMunchkin
- Created on: 15-06-22 19:55
View mindmap
- Cognitive Explanations of Mental Illness
- Assumption
- mental disorders are the result of faulty thought processes or errors in the way people think
- faulty thinking = some people think irrationally or in way that don't make sense
- mental disorders are the result of faulty thought processes or errors in the way people think
- Beck (1961)
- attempted to explain depression
- the Negative Cognition Triad is a model that identifies the 3 main ways someone with depression may think
- 1. Negative views about self 2. negative views about future 3. negative views about the world
- people with depression may have irrational cognitions about themselves and the world around them
- he said that people with depression may select information from their surroundings to support their negative thoughts eg. focusing on the one bad thing that happened that day
- Albert Ellis
- another person who said mental illness is caused by or sustained by irrational thinking
- suggested that people with depression or anxiety, people with faulty thinking, may set high and sometimes unrealistic goals that make them feel like failures as they can't achieve them
- Types of Cognitive Bias
- 1. Arbitrary Inferences
- drawing negative conclusions off the back of insufficient evidence
- eg 'x' hates me because they didn't smile at me
- 2. Selective Abstraction
- focusing on negative details or events whilst ignoring the positive ones
- eg I failed that quiz, I'm rubbish at Psychology
- 3. Overgeneralisation
- drawing sweeping conclusions based on a single incident
- eg I didn't get that job, I'll never get one
- 4. Catastrophising
- exaggerating a minor setback until it becomes a complete disaster
- eg. I failed one assessment so I'm never gong to study, stop attending class or applying to University
- 5. Black and White Thinking
- seeing everything in terms in success or failure - nothing in between
- eg I'm good at Psychology || I'm a complete failure
- 1. Arbitrary Inferences
- Evidence for faulty thinking in disorders?
- Hoffman 2012
- a review was conducted to find out if cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was as effective as medication at treating disorders
- it was found that CBT could provide immediate relief of symptoms for some anxiety disorders
- CBT was effective as it would help change the way people think, change irrational thinking into rational thinking and had a postitive effect
- Faulty thinking had some influence on disorders and disordered behaviour
- Hoffman 2012
- Assumption
Similar Psychology resources:
Teacher recommended
Comments
No comments have yet been made