GCSE Geography Coasts
- Created by: Jen677
- Created on: 21-10-16 14:20
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- Coasts
- Weathering
- Biological
- weathering caused by living organisms eg tree roots and animals burrowing
- Chemical
- Carbonation and Solution
- Mechanical
- Freeze Thaw Weathering
- -When water goes into cracks and the temperature drops water expands. Temp then rises water thawa and weakened rock collapses
- Exfoliation
- Outer layer of rock flakes away, due to rock heating up
- Freeze Thaw Weathering
- Biological
- Mass Movement
- Downhill movement of material due to gravity, causing coast to change shape eg Holbeck house
- Rockfall
- Landslide
- Mudflow
- Rotational Slip
- Waves
- Primary force causing erosion
- Destructive
- Constructive
- Stronger Swash, Smaller backwash. Long compared to height. build up coastlines
- Strong backwash,weak swash. Short in relation to height.Erode coastline
- Constructive
- Formed by the wind blowing across the surface creating ripples which grow into waves
- Constructive
- Stronger Swash, Smaller backwash. Long compared to height. build up coastlines
- Erosion
- Hydraulic Action-sheer force of waves forcing air into cracks
- Attrition- Broken bits of cliff smash together and get smaller
- Abrasion-Pebbles grinding over a rocky platform
- Solution-rocks being dissolved by chemical reaction with seawater
- Headlands and Bays
- Differential Erosion
- When waves attack to coast they erode weak rock first forming a bay
- A headland is still eroded but at a slower rate
- Waves refracts around headlands
- Discordant Coastline-Alternating rock strata perpendicular-headlands and bays formed
- Concordant- Rock Strata alternating parallel to the waves
- Differential Erosion
- Wave cut platforms
- A gently sloping platform of rock that happens between the low and high tide marks- inter tidal range
- Caused when waves create notches in the cliff, they get bigger overtime. There is then an overhang which collapses as nothing is supporting it.
- Caused by constructive waves
- Crack, cave,arch, stack, stump
- Transportation
- Traction- rolling pebbles along the sea bed
- Suspension-small particles carried in water
- Saltation-bouncing along the sea bed
- Solution-Minerals dissolved in seawater
- Longshore Drift
- The swash moves up the beach at an angle carrying material
- Due to gravity the pebbles moves down the beach at 90 degrees
- Landforms of Deposition
- Beach
- Build up of shingle and sand
- Sandy beaches found in sheltered areas
- Untitled
- Build up of shingle and sand
- Spit
- Long narrow ***** of sand that is going in to the sea
- Spurn Point
- Bar
- A spit joined at both ends, forming a lagoon behind
- Slapton Key
- Beach
- Weathering
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