Clinical Psychology (Schizophrenia)
- Created by: EliseJ
- Created on: 19-02-18 12:30
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- Clinical Psychology
- Background
- focusing on understanding, diagnosing + treating mental illnesses/disorders
- 'Abnormal' behaviours
- Use systematic tools of diagnosis like ICD-10 + DSM5
- DSM IV = free from bias - behaviours objective + agreed by practitioners
- Reliable = diagnosis' must be reliable
- Beck et al(1961) = 153 pps to diagnose - two clinicians had 54% concordance
- Lack reliability= different cultures/ classification sytems
- Cooper et al(1972) - showed US + UK psychiatrists video to make diagnosis = US 2x schizophrenia UK 2x = depression
- Helping families to cope with people facing mental illnesses
- 4 D's: deviance, danger, distress, dysfunction
- scientific theory - prevent/understand psychologically based distress or dysfunction
- focusing on understanding, diagnosing + treating mental illnesses/disorders
- Schizophrenia
- thoughts that are often 'split' from reality
- Positive + Negative symptoms
- Positive = added on behaviour to normal behaviour
- E.G. hallucinations, thought insertion
- Negative = behaviours that take away from normal behaviour
- E.G. social avoidance, lack of self care
- Positive = added on behaviour to normal behaviour
- Biological Explanations
- Excess Dopamine in receptors
- Treatment = Clozapine which reduces dopamine levels, reduce negative symptoms
- Genetics - increased chance if relative had
- Brain structure = asymmetrical higher risk - amygdala smaller on left than the right (Young et al)
- Enlarged ventricles
- Excess Dopamine in receptors
- Psychological/ Environmental Explanations
- Crowded City life increases stress
- Lower social class or economic situation
- Frith (1979) = disruption attention filter mechanism - thought disturbance of schizophrenia
- Operant conditioning= schizophrenic- social cues been inappropriate so stop attending social cues and focus on inappropriate social cues
- Treatments
- Drug Therapy
- Antipsychotic drugs = reduce amount of dopamine - Phenothiazine block dopamine receptors, reduce positive symptoms
- 1950s = Chlorpromazine - sedate person + reduce frequency of hallucinations
- Group therapy
- Look at environment around patient - provide environment where patients can resume responsible place in society
- Drug Therapy
- Background
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