climate change

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  • climate change
    • what is it?
      • its a contiinuous cycle of warming and colling of the planet, and the changing weather patterns.
    • past evidence for climate change
      • rocks
        • the characteristics of different rocks depend on the environment in which the sediment were deposited.
      • fossils
        • different species of plants need different conditions to survive. some plants and animals are sensitive to climate and do not adapt easily to change
      • pollen and spores
        • plants produce pollens and spores that are particularly useful in helping to determine climate.
      • microfossils
        • they require a specific living conditions, but they are more abundant and are found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
    • evidence
      • ice cores
        • +6oo,ooo years of evidence
      • tree rings
        • +larger rings represent warmer/wetter years.
        • +provides 100's of years of climate evidence
      • butterflies
        • all species of animals and plants are sensitive to changing climate especially butterflies
          • eg mountain ringlet butterfly (uk)
      • historical evidence
        • past evidence for climate change
          • rocks
            • the characteristics of different rocks depend on the environment in which the sediment were deposited.
          • fossils
            • different species of plants need different conditions to survive. some plants and animals are sensitive to climate and do not adapt easily to change
          • pollen and spores
            • plants produce pollens and spores that are particularly useful in helping to determine climate.
          • microfossils
            • they require a specific living conditions, but they are more abundant and are found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
        • paintings of thames ice fairs in the 18th and 19th century.
      • sediment cores
        • we study oxygen isotopes.
          • there used to be no oxygen in the atmosphere.
            • oxygen isotopes tells us how much oxygen was in the air and tells us about the the developing climate change.
        • this gives us evidence of past temperatures.
          • we study oxygen isotopes.
            • there used to be no oxygen in the atmosphere.
              • oxygen isotopes tells us how much oxygen was in the air and tells us about the the developing climate change.
    • greenhouse effect
      • increase in greenhouse gases
        • human causes
          • agriculture
            • increase in agriculture such as ranching gases such as methane as does paddy rice fields
          • defforestaion
            • less trees means less co2 can be absorbed
            • amazon rainforest 'lungs of the earth'
          • industry and powerstations
            • burning fossil fuels to meet our growing demand for electricity and consumer goods. coal, gas, oil, powerstations emit: co2, co, so2 and noxides
          • transport
            • cars, ships, planes, and trains, all use (mostly) fossil fuels to run
          • economic development
            • people and countries become wealthier more consumer products and more infastructure (airports, roads waterpipes etc..) means more energy used.
        • natural (physical) causes
          • the green house effect
            • greenhouse effect
              • increase in greenhouse gases
                • human causes
                  • agriculture
                    • increase in agriculture such as ranching gases such as methane as does paddy rice fields
                  • defforestaion
                    • less trees means less co2 can be absorbed
                    • amazon rainforest 'lungs of the earth'
                  • industry and powerstations
                    • burning fossil fuels to meet our growing demand for electricity and consumer goods. coal, gas, oil, powerstations emit: co2, co, so2 and noxides
                  • transport
                    • cars, ships, planes, and trains, all use (mostly) fossil fuels to run
                  • economic development
                    • people and countries become wealthier more consumer products and more infastructure (airports, roads waterpipes etc..) means more energy used.
                • natural (physical) causes
                  • the green house effect
                    • more green house gasses = warming
                    • less green house gasses = cooling
                  • volcanic eruptions
                    • lots of ash can lead to cooling
                    • many years of eruptions will increase greenhouse gasses = warming
                  • the earths tilt, wobble and orbit changes
            • more green house gasses = warming
            • less green house gasses = cooling
          • volcanic eruptions
            • lots of ash can lead to cooling
            • many years of eruptions will increase greenhouse gasses = warming
          • the earths tilt, wobble and orbit changes
  • sun
    • ground
      • outgoing terrestrial radiation
        • gets bounced back into the atmosphere
          • this is a continious effect
          • greenhouse gases
      • incoming solar radiation (insolation)
      • greenhouse gases

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