Climate Change Overview

An overview of the climate change topic

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  • Climate Change
    • Evidence
      • Long Term
        • Ice Cores
          • Greenland
          • Antarctica
          • 'Ancient Air'
        • Fossil/Pollen Analysis
      • Medium Term
        • Dendrochronlogy
      • Short Term
        • Poems
        • Photographs
        • Paintings
        • Diaries
      • Now
        • Ice Melt
        • Ice/Glacial Retreat
        • Monitoring the Environment
      • Incomplete and Unreliable?
        • Methods/technology may have been inaccurate
        • Subjective nature of proxy data
        • Dendrochronology only goes back about 8000 years
        • Bias data
    • Causes of climate change
      • Human
        • Deforestation
          • More CO2
        • Unbalanced Albedo
        • Burning fossil fuels
          • Carbon Dioxide
        • Mass Production of Lifestock
          • Methane
        • Melting of the permafrost
          • Methane
          • 'Ticking Time Bomb'
      • Natural
        • Sunspot Theory
          • Magnetic Storms
          • 1/10th the effect of greenhouse gases
        • Earths Axis
        • Volcanic Eruptions
          • Mt Tambora 1816
        • Solar Cycles
          • Every 11 years
        • Albedo Effect
        • Greenhouse effect
    • Arctic
      • Economic Impacts
        • North West Passage
          • 2007- free to sail through for the first time in history
          • Trade Route
        • Ice Melt
          • Zinc and Lead
            • Industry
            • Investment
            • Jobs
        • 'Greenland's getting greener'
        • Fresh Produce
        • Tourism
      • Ecological Impacts
        • Polar Bear Extinction
          • 2050
          • No ice to hunt on
            • Cubs die as they cant keep up when swimming
            • Reduction of spring hunting season 3 weeks shorter than Hudson Bay 1985
          • Negative Multiplier effect on food chains
        • Caribou migration changes
        • Permafrost melt into Serbia
        • Ice Cap 40% smaller in 2014 than in 1981-2010
      • Social Impacts
        • Inuits
          • Change in diet
          • Cultural Dilation
            • 30% work in tourism
          • Loss of homes
            • Subsidence
            • Flooding
    • Africa
      • Economic
        • Crops cant grow
          • Kenya
            • Salt Intrusion
            • Mangos, Cashew Nuts and Coconuts
        • Results in a loss of $6.2billion in GDP
        • Seas defences to protect against SLR
          • 2030- $10 billion /year
        • Crop yields decline by 5-20%
          • Sub Saharan
        • Better crops
          • Ghana
        • Lack of investment for tourism
      • Enviromental
        • Desertification
          • Sahel/Madagscar
        • Salt Intrusion
          • Due to flooding
        • Land Degradation
        • West flooding
          • Ghana erosion rates of 4-8 meters /year
          • Loss of land
        • Indian ocean- coral bleeching
          • Loss of sea defence
        • 2100, arid areas increase by 5-8%
        • Ice on Kilimanjaro reduced by 80% since 1900
      • Social
        • 1 million died from malaria per year
          • Results in a loss of $6.2billion in GDP
        • Food insecurity
          • Subsistence farmers
            • Somalia
              • 260,000 died from famine 2010-12
        • Kill others for water
          • Kenya
        • Enviromental Refugees
          • Ethiopia
    • Impacts Examples
      • Tuvalu
        • Worlds first enviromental refugees
        • Islands only just break the surface
        • SLR effect on agriculture as cant grow crops
          • land too saulty
        • Technological fix- UAE building new islands
          • Land on pourous corals - cost a fortune
      • Maldives
        • 80% of 1,200 islands at risk of SLR
        • First to sign the Kyoto Potocol
        • In 100 years could be uninhabitable, displacing its 360,000 population
        • Government
          • Teaching enviromnetal science in schools
          • Developers can only build on 20% of the land
          • Resorts have to go through a rigorous environmental impact study
        • Built a 3m wall around capital Male
      • UK
        • Positive
          • Meditterrean summers
          • Citris Fruits
          • Plant growing season increase
          • Tourism
          • Plants and crops further notrth
        • Negative
          • Increase in diseases
            • Yellow fever and Malaria
          • Flooding of River Thames
          • Sea defences
            • £10 billion
          • Water Shortage
    • Strategies to tackle it
      • Mitigation
      • Adaption
      • Key Players
        • Individuals
          • 3Rs
          • Buy local
          • Car Shares
          • Energy saving
        • National/UK
          • Hybrid buses
          • Congestion Charges
          • Low Emission Zones
          • Carbon Offsetting
        • International
          • Kyoto Protocol
            • Discussed 1997 Put in place 2006
      • 'ACT GLOBAL THINK LOCAL'
    • Future
      • Tipping point
        • Point of no return
        • Catrastrophic
        • 2 Degree threshold
      • Sustainability

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