Cleisthenes
- Created by: Cmcdonnell
- Created on: 11-05-15 09:16
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- Cleisthenes
- AIMS
- Aristotle claims that Cleisthenes' installation of the new tribes to mix up the people was 'so that more men should have a share in the running of the state.
- Rivalry with Isagoras has been seen by some ancient sources as the cause of the integration and his concern for the people.
- Aristotle claims that Cleisthenes' installation of the new tribes to mix up the people was 'so that more men should have a share in the running of the state.
- New tribes may have been to weaken his opponents while gaining and maintaining power for himself and family.
- Probably had genuine desire for isonomia
- Equality of rights among citizens.
- Clear however that he kept some people together and others apart.
- Despite benefiting his family, there is no doubt that it weakened other land owners.
- To ensure a peaceful and unified state, C had to replace the allegiance to Kinship groups with allegiance to the state.
- Despite benefiting his family, there is no doubt that it weakened other land owners.
- INTRO
- Solon failed to deal with the system of Ionian tribes which provided the basis of gov.
- Wealthy, powerful families tended to dominate the tribes; disrupting the workings of gov.
- Pisistratid tyranny disrupted the control of these families, but a method of demolishing the influence without damaging the values of kinship and religion had to be implemented.
- A new organisational system where the state could function in a unified way without tyrany had to be found.
- C did this by installing 10 new territiorial tribes in place of old ionian tribes.
- METHODS
- C realised that approx 100-200 small local districs like towns/villiagewere in existance in the Attican countryside.
- These natural devisions promoted both strong tradition and loyalty. C divided the state into demes acc to pop and holed that they were spread roughly in 3 areas; inland, coastal and city.
- METHODS
- C realised that approx 100-200 small local districs like towns/villiagewere in existance in the Attican countryside.
- These natural devisions promoted both strong tradition and loyalty. C divided the state into demes acc to pop and holed that they were spread roughly in 3 areas; inland, coastal and city.
- These natural devisions promoted both strong tradition and loyalty. C divided the state into demes acc to pop and holed that they were spread roughly in 3 areas; inland, coastal and city.
- C realised that approx 100-200 small local districs like towns/villiagewere in existance in the Attican countryside.
- METHODS
- These natural devisions promoted both strong tradition and loyalty. C divided the state into demes acc to pop and holed that they were spread roughly in 3 areas; inland, coastal and city.
- C realised that approx 100-200 small local districs like towns/villiagewere in existance in the Attican countryside.
- Importance of demes.
- 1.They replaced the social unit of the clan.
- 2. Each was a unit of local gov with own assemble, officials, treasurers and annually elected leader.
- 3. Residence rather than membership of a phratry was criterion for citizenship, at 18 the boys name was added to the deme register. Deme name places the name of the family. Helped reduce the power of the wealthy nobles as everybody was equal in name.
- 4. Deme membership became hereditary.
- 5.It was from the record or deme levels that info would come for the levy of the soldiers from each tribe, candidates for office and the new C500.
- 6. The structure of the deme emphasised the equality of its members.
- 5.It was from the record or deme levels that info would come for the levy of the soldiers from each tribe, candidates for office and the new C500.
- 4. Deme membership became hereditary.
- 3. Residence rather than membership of a phratry was criterion for citizenship, at 18 the boys name was added to the deme register. Deme name places the name of the family. Helped reduce the power of the wealthy nobles as everybody was equal in name.
- 2. Each was a unit of local gov with own assemble, officials, treasurers and annually elected leader.
- 1.They replaced the social unit of the clan.
- TRITTEYS
- What? 1/3. C created artificial particians tp mix up the people. 3 regions of inland, city and coast were further divided into 10 trittyes each, where the basic unit was the deme.
- Imporance? no political function, simply a link between deme and tribe.
- TRIBES
- Importance? named after eponymous heros. it was as a member of a tribe that a citizen participated in the pub life of state.
- Each tribe had a shrine and a priest who conducted sacrifices in honour of the tribe's e hero.
- Tribe owned property, assembly and officials.
- Responsible for providing a quota of men for the army, the C500, board of magistrates and the courts.
- Constitution
- 10 new tribes were the basis for the structure of constition. Solon's constitution concerning assembly, archons, Areopagus and Heliaea continued.
- C used lot= more democratic. Incompetent officials would be produced, but political experience could be gained.
- 10 new tribes were the basis for the structure of constition. Solon's constitution concerning assembly, archons, Areopagus and Heliaea continued.
- Military
- 1. Polemarch- commander in chief. His military duties were taken over by Strategoi 487
- 2. Strategoi- later became leaders of assembly and council, as well as military leaders, became Athens most important officials.
- 3. Citizen army- called up in times of war.
- C500
- Replaced Solon's C400?
- Contained 50 men from each of the 10 tribes. Councillors sat for 1 month- prytanies. Selected by lot.
- To be a member of the C500 you had to be male, over 30 and selected by lot.
- Functions?
- Contained 50 men from each of the 10 tribes. Councillors sat for 1 month- prytanies. Selected by lot.
- Replaced Solon's C400?
- Ostracism
- Any athenian thought to be too powerful and dangerous to the welfare of the people was sent into exile for 10 yrs.
- An inquiry was held every 6th prytany of the year in which the people were asked at the assembly if they wished for an ostracism.
- A quorum of 6000 was necessary for an ostracism to be valid.
- An inquiry was held every 6th prytany of the year in which the people were asked at the assembly if they wished for an ostracism.
- Any athenian thought to be too powerful and dangerous to the welfare of the people was sent into exile for 10 yrs.
- AIMS
- Administrative; organised public busin, prepared agenda for peoples assembly, took orders from associates& had a role in foreign affairs, dealt with foreign envoys.
- Deliberative; debated and prepared policies and had a major influence in law making.
- Functions?
- Judicial; dealt with impeachment cases& in certain cases could pass judgements.
- Deliberative; debated and prepared policies and had a major influence in law making.
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