Biology B2 Revision: Classification
Mind map showing the classification of organisms and the problems with classification.
- Created by: mynameonTSR
- Created on: 09-03-14 16:00
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- Classification
- All organisms can be classified into groups.
- Kingdom, phylum,class order, family, genus, species
- 2 ways of classifying- Natural or Artificial
- Natural- based on evolutionary relationships and is more detailed.
- More closely related organisms are likely to be in the same group.
- Artificial- based on one or two characteristics which make identification easier.
- E.g. Birds that live by or on the sea are called seabirds.
- Natural- based on evolutionary relationships and is more detailed.
- Species
- A group of organisms that interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
- Binomial name system
- Two parts to the name: first is the genus and second is the species.
- Genus part starts with capital letter and species name starts with lower case.
- Two parts to the name: first is the genus and second is the species.
- Problems with classifying
- Living things are at different stages of evolution and new ones discovered all the time.
- Archaeopteryx was difficult to classify as it had characteristics that would put it into 2 groups- feathers like a bird and a bony tale and teeth like a reptile.
- Specific problems
- Bacteria do not interbreed, they reproduce asexually.
- Therefore cannot be classified into different species using fertile offspring idea.
- Hybrids produced when members of different species interbreed.
- Mules are hybrids and are infertile, so cannot be classified as a species.
- Bacteria do not interbreed, they reproduce asexually.
- Living things are at different stages of evolution and new ones discovered all the time.
- Classification and Evolution
- Grouped organisms often closely related and share common ancestor.
- May have different features if they live in different habitats.
- Similarities and differences in organisms may have different explanations.
- Dolphins have similarities to fish as they are ecologically related. But they are classified differently (dolphins= mammals)
- Dolphins and bats evolved to live in different habitats, but they are both mammals.
- Related through evolution.
- Grouped organisms often closely related and share common ancestor.
- All organisms can be classified into groups.
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