Classification
- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 10-04-16 11:25
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- Classification
- classification is the act of arranging organisms into groups based on their similarities or differences
- Taxonomy is the study of classification. the naming system used in classification is the binomial system
- naming an organism: the first part of the name is the genus and it has a capital letter. the second part is the species with a lower case letter
- phylogeny is the study of the evolutionary history of groups of organisms
- 5 kingdoms:
- prokaryote- Eg bacteria, single celled, no nucleus, less than 5ym
- protoctista: Eg Algae, eukaryotic cells, usually in water, single celled or simple multicellular
- Fungi Eg Yeast, eukaryotic chitin cell walls, saprotrophic, reproduce using spores
- Plantae- Eg ferns, eukaryotic, multi-cellular, cellulose cell walls, can photosynthesise, contain chlorophyll, autrophic
- animalia: Eg mammals, aukaryotic, multi-cellular no cell walls, heterotrphic
- change in the system
- not just based on observable feastures, but now molecular and embyolocical
- 1) molecular evidence- similarities and proteins and DNA mean organisms are more closely related
- you can compare storage and the base sequence of nucleotides and amino acids
- 2) embyological evidence- looking at similarities in the early stages of development
- 3) the fossil record- provides evidence of how organisms have evolved and how closely related they are
- the three domains
- organisms that contain a nucleus are placed in Eukaryotes
- organisms that fall in the prokaryotes, are seppertated into archaea and bacteria
- molecular evidence: the enzyme RNA polymerase is different in bacteria and archaea, also archaea all have similar histones but are different to bacteria
- cellular evidence: bonds of the lipids in the cell membrane are different for archea and bacteria
- all organisms -----> the three kindgoms --> 5 kingdoms
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