cultural differences in achievement - external
- Created by: rashida250699
- Created on: 27-03-17 11:53
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- class differences in achievement (external factors)
- cultural deprivation
- attitudes and values
- most working class children create anti-school subculture
- Douglas - working class families put less value on education, more on working
- Sugarman - working class subculture has 4 key roles that act as barriers to educational achievement
- collectivism
- value being part of a group than individual success
- fatalism
- "whatever will be, will be", nothing you can do to change your status
- immediate gratification
- seek pleasure and rewards immediately instead of making sacrifices
- present-time orientation
- focusing on the present with little plans or expectation for future
- collectivism
- intellectual development
- working class lack books, educational toys, activities
- Douglas - working class pupils score lower in tests than middle class
- middle class parents try to encourage kids to read from early ages - prepare children for school
- language
- Bernstein - speech codes
- restricted - typical of working class
- limited vocabulary
- elaborate - typical of midle class
- easier to explain abstract ideas
- wider vocabulary
- middle class pupils advantaged - text books, teachers, exams
- restricted - typical of working class
- Bernstein - speech codes
- attitudes and values
- cultural deprivation
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