'Clash of civilisations'
- Created by: chicalatina
- Created on: 13-03-14 14:16
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- 'Clash of civilisations'
- Huntington
- Conflicts have intensified since the collapse of communism and are symptons of the clash of civilisations.
- Identifies 7 civilisations: Western, Latin American, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu and Slavic-Orthodox.
- Each has a common cultural background and history that is identified with one religion.
- Shared religion creates social cohesion within civilisations but causes conflict between them.
- This is true in this globalised world as religious differences have become a major source of identity due to the fall of communism.
- Gloabalisation also makes nation-states less important as a source of identity and makes contact betwwen civilisations easier, increasing the likelihood of old-conflicts re-emerging.
- See's religious diffrences are creating a new set of hostile 'use and them' relationships, with increased competition between ivilisations for economic/ military power.
- He also sees history as a struggle of 'progress against barbarism' and predicts growing conflict between 'the West and the rest'.
- Fears the emergence of new anti-western military alliances are urges the west to reassert its Christian identity.
- Criticisms
- Jackson - Huntington's work as an example of orientalism.
- A western ideology that streotypes Eastern nations and people (especially Muslims) as untrustworthy, inferior or fanatical 'Others'.
- Casanova - Huntington's work ignores religious divisions within the 'civilisations' e.g. Sunni and Shi'a Islam.
- Horrie & Chippindale - clash of civilisations is a misleading neo-conservative ideology that protrays the whole of Islam as an enemy.
- Armstong - hostitlity towards the West is a reaction too western foreign policy in the Middle East.
- Jackson - Huntington's work as an example of orientalism.
- Inglehart and Norris
- Sexuality divides the West from the Muslim world and not democracy as there are more differences when it comes to abiortion, divorce, gender equality.
- As Western views become more liberal, Muslim views stay traditional.
- They see democracy has become the political ideology to gain global appeal but there is no global eppeal about self-expression values.
- 'These divergent values constitute the real clash of civilisations between Muslim societies and the West.
- Huntington
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