OCR 21st century science B7.2

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  • Created by: isis
  • Created on: 16-06-13 15:18
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  • Circulation
    • Blood
      • Components of blood
        • Plasma
          • The pale yellow liquid that cells float in, mainly water
          • Transports nutrients, (oxygen and glucose)antibodies, hormones and waste (carbon dioxide and urea)
        • Red blood cells
          • Transports oxygen
          • Packed full of haemoglobinto bind oxygen
          • No nucleus to increase space for haemoglobin
          • Biconcave shape to increase surface area for oxygen exchange and gives flexibility so can squeeze through tiny capillaries.
        • Platelets
          • Fragments of cells that are made from the cytoplasm of large cells.
          • Help with blood clotting.
        • White blood cells
          • Fights infection.
          • Produce anti bodies, and engulf and digest microorganisms by phagocytosis
    • Double circulation
      • Heart
        • Valves
          • Between  atria and ventricles.
          • Stop the backflow of blood
            • Between  atria and ventricles.
            • Between ventricles and arteries.
          • Between ventricles and arteries.
        • Atria
          • Blood from body enters right atrium
          • Blood  from lungs enters left atrium.
        • Ventricles
          • Blood to lungs leaves right ventricle.
          • Blood  to body leaves left ventricle.
        • Blood vessels
          • Blood from body entering heart through the vena cava.
          • Blood entering lungs from heart through the pulmonary artery
          • Blood from lungs entering heart through pulmonary vein
          • Blood  entering body from heart through aorta.
      • Capillaries
        • Tiny blood vessels that are one cell thick and porous which makes them ideal for diffusion.
        • They carry blood through the tissues between the arteries and veins.
        • Tissue fluid
          • Contains all dissolved raw materials being carried  by blood plasma.
          • As blood passes through pressure drops. Plasma stops being squeezed out , tissue fluid moves back into capillaries.
          • At high pressure plasma is squeezed out. Forms tissue fluid, which bathes all cells.
  • White blood cells
    • Fights infection.
    • Produce anti bodies, and engulf and digest microorganisms by phagocytosis
  • Tiny blood vessels that are one cell thick and porous which makes them ideal for diffusion.
  • At high pressure plasma is squeezed out. Forms tissue fluid, which bathes all cells.

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