A. Resource 1
- Created by: anissa
- Created on: 03-05-18 12:10
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- 'Christian Country’
- AGAINST
- Secularisation in Britain
- 19th Century was the ‘golden age’ of religiosity. Now there is a decline.
- Fewer baptisms and church weddings
- Greater religious diversity, including more non-Christian religions
- Fewer baptisms and church weddings
- Bryan WILSON, (1966)
- long term process of secularisation- losing social significance
- 40% of people attended church in mid 19th century • Fallen to 10-15% in the 1960s CHURCH ATTENDANCE TODAY(ISH) Only 6.3% of adult population attended church on Sundays in 2005. 2015- 5% Faith Survey
- Religion Today Opinion polls and attitude surveys show that: More people claim they hold Christian beliefs than actually belong or go to church
- EXPLANATION
- traditional society religious ideas, being replaced by modern scientific and rational thought = less importance
- Industrialisation has broken up small communities once held together by common religious beliefs
- Growth of diversity has undermined both the authority of religious institutions and the credibility of religious belief
- BRUCE argues that the growth of a technological worldview has largely replaced religious or supernatural explanations as to why things happen
- Structural differentiation - Parsons-Specialised institutions now carry out functions that were previously formed by a single institution
- BERGER: In the Middle Ages the Catholic Church held an absolute monopoly on faith, As a result, everyone lived under a single ‘sacred canopy’ or set beliefs shared by all. Now, Greater plausibility
- A Spiritual Revolution? spiritual alternatives a modern adaption of religion to suit our needs and the times we live in?
- DAVIE, (1945) notes a trend towards VICARIOUS RELIGION, wherein a small number of the professional clergy practice religion on the behalf of a much larger number of people, who experience it second-hand
- Believing without belonging- REGINALD BIBBY’S, (1993) Canadian survey, which found that only 25% attended church regularly, however 80% identified themselves as religious/with religious beliefs
- HERVIEU-LEGER, (2000):
- Cultural amnesia- Nowadays we have largely lost the religion that used to be handed down from generation to generation - children decide what they want to believe
- choice as consumers of religion = they have become spiritual shoppers. Choice to choose what we want
- Cultural amnesia- Nowadays we have largely lost the religion that used to be handed down from generation to generation - children decide what they want to believe
- Horton- science as an open system where claims are open to criticisms and testing. Religion-magic and other belief systems are closed- Un like scientific knowledge, it is fixed and does not grow
- traditional society religious ideas, being replaced by modern scientific and rational thought = less importance
- EXPLANATION
- Religion Today Opinion polls and attitude surveys show that: More people claim they hold Christian beliefs than actually belong or go to church
- influence of religions as a social institution declined. State taken over e.g. Education
- Still faith schools but they are state funded and must abide to the state's regulations
- 40% of people attended church in mid 19th century • Fallen to 10-15% in the 1960s CHURCH ATTENDANCE TODAY(ISH) Only 6.3% of adult population attended church on Sundays in 2005. 2015- 5% Faith Survey
- long term process of secularisation- losing social significance
- 19th Century was the ‘golden age’ of religiosity. Now there is a decline.
- Secularisation in Britain
- 'Doing God' in the political sphere (Cameron)
- willingness to talk publicly about Christianity
- BRUCE: Cameron demarcate himself from his New Labour + Previous BPM
- PRIOR: metaphor of a poor radio signal—“it sort of comes and goes
- Cameron referred to three broad elements- increasingly prominent in most of his ensuing speeches about Christianity: the personal, the political, and the national.
- PERSONAL: “vaguely practising” Christianity to “committed” albeit one -not change the world
- POLITICAL: Disagreed politicians should not do God. Before adding- bible are all inherently involved in politics-many political questions are moral questions
- National
- King James Bible was so deeply embedded in all aspects of British culture and heritage- What is today.
- “Christian country”, not afraid
- Michael Gove
- King James Bible was so deeply embedded in all aspects of British culture and heritage- What is today.
- Christmas- Jesus' birth represents: peace, mercy, goodwill and, above all, hope
- Britain could do more to stop the persecution of Christians. As a Christian country great role on global stage--> a more prominent Christian identity on the global stage
- challenges facing the different churches were similar to those facing political institutions . Solution Evangelism
- BRUCE: Cameron demarcate himself from his New Labour + Previous BPM
- Graham, (2009) [20] and Maddox, (2004) benefits in invoking religion in political spaces but it can be divisive and promote exclusion
- willingness to talk publicly about Christianity
- FOR
- British monarch continues to be both head of the Church of England + Defender of the Faith’.
-
Bishops continue to sit as unelected representatives in the House of Lords
- Davie
- ‘backbone’ for the country in terms of its institutional and civic function
- Davie
- Country’s calendar and major public holidays, coincide with traditional Christian festivals
- Working week+ Sunday trading laws, historically conceived as a day of rest
- Education sector - First institutions to provide free school meals
- COE and RC oversee the running of 1/3 of state funded schools
-
Bishops continue to sit as unelected representatives in the House of Lords
- Churches continue to work towards alleviating poverty, providing healthcare and supporting those experiencing the poverty and deprivation
- Since Middle of 20th century- transformed- from mono-faith country to one that is rather more multi-faith
- growth in numbers of those identifying as non-Christian but so too the decline in numbers of those choosing to identify as being Christian.
- Census data - none christian religions doubled.
- Cameron did not deny this noted change in religious identification and the associated demographic.Acknowledged pluralism --> wider range of beliefs and commitments
- Allowed this to flourish because tolerance that Christianity demands of our society. Fundamental Human Right.
- In 2011 census, the percentage was 59.2% of the population [44]; in 2001, it was 71.6% [43]
- Cameron did not deny this noted change in religious identification and the associated demographic.Acknowledged pluralism --> wider range of beliefs and commitments
- Census data - none christian religions doubled.
- growth in numbers of those identifying as non-Christian but so too the decline in numbers of those choosing to identify as being Christian.
- Since Middle of 20th century- transformed- from mono-faith country to one that is rather more multi-faith
- British monarch continues to be both head of the Church of England + Defender of the Faith’.
- AGAINST
- FOR
- British monarch continues to be both head of the Church of England + Defender of the Faith’.
-
Bishops continue to sit as unelected representatives in the House of Lords
- Davie
- ‘backbone’ for the country in terms of its institutional and civic function
- Davie
- Country’s calendar and major public holidays, coincide with traditional Christian festivals
- Working week+ Sunday trading laws, historically conceived as a day of rest
- Education sector - First institutions to provide free school meals
- COE and RC oversee the running of 1/3 of state funded schools
-
Bishops continue to sit as unelected representatives in the House of Lords
- Churches continue to work towards alleviating poverty, providing healthcare and supporting those experiencing the poverty and deprivation
- Since Middle of 20th century- transformed- from mono-faith country to one that is rather more multi-faith
- growth in numbers of those identifying as non-Christian but so too the decline in numbers of those choosing to identify as being Christian.
- Census data - none christian religions doubled.
- Cameron did not deny this noted change in religious identification and the associated demographic.Acknowledged pluralism --> wider range of beliefs and commitments
- Allowed this to flourish because tolerance that Christianity demands of our society. Fundamental Human Right.
- In 2011 census, the percentage was 59.2% of the population [44]; in 2001, it was 71.6% [43]
- Cameron did not deny this noted change in religious identification and the associated demographic.Acknowledged pluralism --> wider range of beliefs and commitments
- Census data - none christian religions doubled.
- growth in numbers of those identifying as non-Christian but so too the decline in numbers of those choosing to identify as being Christian.
- Since Middle of 20th century- transformed- from mono-faith country to one that is rather more multi-faith
- British monarch continues to be both head of the Church of England + Defender of the Faith’.
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