Chloroplasts
- Created by: AliceTori
- Created on: 15-04-17 17:17
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- Chloroplasts
- Organelles that carry out photosynthesis
- Vary in shape and size but typically are disc-shaped, 2-10 micro metres long and 1 micro metre in diameter
- Chloroplast Envelope
- A double plasma membrane
- Highly selective as to what it allows to enter and leave the chloroplast
- Grana
- Stacks of up to 100 disc-like structures called thylakoids
- Some thylakoids have tubular extensions to join up with thylakoids in adjacent grana
- Thylakoids contain the photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll
- Where the first stage of photosynthesis occurs (light absorption)
- Stacks of up to 100 disc-like structures called thylakoids
- Stroma
- Fluid-filled matrix
- Where the second stage of photosynthesis takes place (synthesis of sugars)
- Also contains starch grains
- Adapted to their function by:
- granal membranes providing a large surface area
- this allows for the attachment of chlorophyll, electron carriers and enzymes
- These chemicals are attached to the membrane in a highly ordered fashion
- this allows for the attachment of chlorophyll, electron carriers and enzymes
- the fluid of the stroma contains all the enzymes needed to make sugars in second phase of photosynthesis
- Chloroplasts contain both DNA and ribosomes
- this means that they can quickly manufacture some of the proteins needed for photosynthesis
- granal membranes providing a large surface area
- Organelles that carry out photosynthesis
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