One child policy

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  • China
    • Facts
      • Has 1.3 billion people (20% of the worlds population). Has the worlds fastest growing economy. Has a huge economy influence worldwide.
    • One child policy
      • Facts
        • Introduced in 1979. The Chinese government feared famine and poverty after 30 million people died from a man-made famine. Birth rate dropped to 12.17 per 1000 and the death rate was 6.9 per 1000.
      • Convincing people to have less children
        • Advertising campaign- posters to encourage people to have just 1 child, which is always shown as a daughter. Tax incentives to those with just one child. Free education. Priority health care, housing and education for the only child. Higher pensions. 5-10% salary bonus.
      • Punishments
        • Benefits lost. 10% salary decrease. Dismissal or demotion at work. Punishment in rural areas could include loss of land grants, food loans and farming supplies. Fined 4 to 10 times their annual salary.
      • Penalties used to persuade couples
        • Marriage age was set at 22 for men and 20 for women, which is now 28 for men and 25 for women. State permission was needed in order to get married. Couples must apply for permission to start a family. Forced abortions became compulsory for an unauthorized second pregnancy. Forced sterilisation.
      • Problems caused
        • Forced abortions. Discrimination. Declining fertility rate. Gender imbalance- 30 million more men than women by 2020. Children are spoilt- little emperor. Over protective parents- Stressful, pressure. Family planning officials are abusive- locals live in fear. Children are removed from families if a fine cannot be paid for- child abduction.
      • Changes
        • If both parents are single children, they are allowed another child. In rural areas, families are allowed another child in hope that they get a boy if they already have a girl to help on the farm. Ethnic minorities are allowed more children.

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