English Language- Child language aqcuisition

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  • Created by: Emma
  • Created on: 08-04-14 14:30
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  • Child Language Acquisition terminology
    • Stages
      • Preverbal
        • cooing
        • babbling
        • proto words
      • holphrastic stage - one word stage
        • holophrase
        • gestalt expression
      • two word stage
        • syntax comes in
        • 18-24 motnhs of age
      • telegraphic stage
        • 3-4 words
        • vocabullary expands from 50-13000 words
        • start to understand tenses
        • use mainly lexical words and leave out grammatical words
          • lexical words- nouns, adjectives, verbs
          • grammatical words- determiners, auxiliary verbs, prepositions
      • post telegraphic stage
        • grammatical words start to appear
        • Untitled
    • Virtuous error- logical mistake that shows a child has understood a rule
      • Overgeneralisation-applying a grammatical rule too widely- eg... runned (run)- overgeneralisation of the ed suffix
      • Regression
    • Gestalt expression- a child can't distinguish where one word ends. e.g "what's that" becomes "wassat"
    • Overextension
      • Analogical
        • Similar function - scarf + cat are both soft
      • categorical
        • similar appearance
        • Hypernym- the larger category (e.g- fruit)
        • hyponym- the smaller term that fits within the hypernym (e.g- apple)
      • mismatch +predicate statement
        • Time or place
      • Doesn't mean they don't understan the difference, but that the don't have the vocabulary
    • Morphology
      • morpheme- the smalles unit of meaning in a word
        • bound morpheme- only has meaning when attached to a free morpheme
        • free morpheme- can stand independently and have meaning
      • infelctional morpology
        • child learns to use bound morphemes to create words with different tenses (e.g- walked- child has learned "ed" suffix)
      • Derivational morphology- child uses morphemes to create new words "incorrectly"
        • Compounding- two words to make a new word (e.g- scary man (clown))
        • conversion-uses a word as a different word class- "can you jam my toast"
        • affixation- adds a suffix to a word to change its word class (it's very nighty "dark))
      • mean length of utterance - average number of morphemes in a childs utterance
    • Phonological development
      • 7 pronunciation errors
        • addition- dog->doggy
        • deletion- cat -> ca
        • consonant cluster reduction - frog -> fog
        • deletion of unstressed syllables- banana -> nana
        • assimilation doggie -> goggie
        • substitution- rabbit -> wabbit
        • reduplication- choochoo
      • fricatives/stops
      • Phoneme- smallest unit of sound in a language
        • phonemic contraction- losing the phonemes not used in your language
    • Pragmatics
      • implication- what is meant
      • inference- what is understood
      • Halliday's taxonomy of language
        • Instrumental- express needs
        • regulatory- give instructions
        • interactional- form relationships
        • personal- express opinions, feeling +identity
        • heuristic- gain knowledge (what's the tractor doing?)
        • imaginative- tell jokes+stories
        • representational- factts

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