Child directed speech
- Created by: sadlergeorgia
- Created on: 24-03-15 17:29
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- Child Directed Speech
- Other terms
- Motherese
- Parentese
- Caretaker language
- Input language
- Caregiver language
- Jerome Bruner 1983
- Proficiency in oral language provides children with a vital tool for thought
- Without structured and fluent oral language, children will find it very difficult to think
- Hart & Risley 1995
- By the age of 4, children of a higher social class had heard 30 million more words directed to them than children in a lower class
- Broad features
- Repetition and/or repeated sentence forms
- Higher pitch
- Child's name rather than pronoun
- Present tense
- One word utterances and/or short elliptical sentences
- Fewer verbs and modifiers
- Concrete nouns
- Expansions and recasts
- Expansions = development of child's utterance into a longer, more meaningful form
- Recasts = commenting on, extending, and rephrasing of a child's utterance
- Closed questions
- Exaggerated pauses giving turn taking cues
- Phonology
- Separate phrases
- Longer pauses
- Speak more slowly
- Exaggerated 'sing song' intonation
- Emphasise key words
- Wider pitch
- Distinguishes questions, statements, and commands
- Semantics / lexis
- Restricted vocabulary
- Simplified vocabulary
- Often adaptations of child's own word for things
- Grammar
- Fewer verbs
- Fewer tenses
- Shorter sentences
- 3.7 seconds average - Phillips 1973
- Incomplete sentences
- More simple sentences
- More questions and tag questions
- Restricted range of sentence patterns
- Pragmatics
- Gestures and affectionate body language
- Fewer utterances per turn
- Allows child participation
- Supportive language
- Parents echo unintelligeable remarks
- Encourage correction / clarification
- Parents echo unintelligeable remarks
- Copy and expand upon children's utterances
- Other terms
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