Grammar Revision
- Created by: Scragg
- Created on: 06-06-16 11:04
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- Child Language Acquisition Grammar
- Nouns
- Categories
- proper
- Names of places, people etc. Anything starting with a capital. e.g, London
- Common
- Concrete
- Tangible objects. E.g, Bottle
- Abstract
- States of beings or concepts
- Collective
- Groups of things. E.g, the government
- Concrete
- proper
- Plurals
- Usually formed by adding an inflectional "-s" or "-es"
- If the noun ends with a consonant and a "-y", the "-y" should be replaced with "-ies"
- Endings which include an "-f", the plural is formed with "-ves"
- Some nouns form irregular plurals. E.g, foot and feet
- Some nouns don't change their form at all. E.g, sheep
- Often come with pre-modifiers (before the noun) and post-modifiers (after the noun)
- Categories
- Adjectives
- These describe the noun
- If they come before the noun they're attributive, if they come after they're predicative
- Predicative adjectives are normally linked to the noun via the use of some form of the auxiliary "to be"
- They can be a simple adjective, or a comparative or a superlative
- Verbs
- The base form preceded by "to" is called an infinitive
- Auxiliary verbs appear before the main verb and give extra information in a sentence
- Can change depending on who's doing the action
- Changes are called inflections
- Tenses
- Present tense is usually formed using the infinitive. For a third person singular present the "-s" inflection needs to be added
- Can also be used to talk about future events. For example, "Derek is going to be the one driving us on Saturday"
- Some verbs are irregular. E.g, I swam not I swimmed
- Can also be used to talk about future events. For example, "Derek is going to be the one driving us on Saturday"
- Past tense is formed (usually) using the inflection "-ed"
- Some verbs are irregular. E.g, I swam not I swimmed
- Some would argue that there is no future tense as there's no clear way to add inflections to form it. Instead it is formed using modal auxiliary verb
- Present tense is usually formed using the infinitive. For a third person singular present the "-s" inflection needs to be added
- Can create active or passive voice
- Active, the subject is the main focus and performs the action (verb)
- Passive, the object is the focus and is followed by the subject
- Aspect
- Progressive aspect describes actions which don't have a definitive end to them. They're formed using the present participle and the auxiliary
- Perfect aspect describes an action which has definite end. Formed using a present form of "have" and the present tense form of the verb
- Prepositions
- Show the relationship between things in space, time and direction
- Goes before the determine and noun
- Conjunctions
- Co-ordinating conjunction
- Involves words such as "and", "or" etc.
- They connect single words or phrases and clauses that have equal status
- Subordinating conjunctions
- Involves words such as "since", "whereas" etc.
- Untitled
- Co-ordinating conjunction
- Nouns
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