Chemistry Unit 1 AS

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  • Chemistry  - Unit 1 Foundation Chemistry
    • Mass Spectrometry
      • 1. Vapourisation
        • 2, Ionisation
          • 3.  Acceleration
            • 4. Deflection
              • 5, Detection
                • Ions of increasing mass reach the detector
                • accept electrons, create current proportional to the abundance
              • Magnetic field deflects ions into an arc
              • Depends upon strength of magnetic field and heavy/light ions
            • Positive ions accelerated by electric field
          • High energy  electrons fired at gas particles to knock off an electron, forming positive ion
        • Sample is vaporised - turned into gas
      • Can be used to finds out...
        • Relative atomic mass
        • Relative isotopic abundance
        • Relative molecular mass
      • Accurate info
    • Amount of Substance
      • Moles = Mass /Relative atomic mass
      • Ideal gas equation
        • pV=nRT
          • R=gas constant, 8.31Jk-1mol-1
          • n=number of moles
          • T=temp, K
          • V=volume, m3
          • p=pressue,, Pa
      • Moles = concentration X Volume
        • Conc=moldm-3
        • Volume=dm3
        • Concerntration (gdm-3) = molarity X molar mass
          • molarity = modlm-3 (conc)
          • molar mass = atomic mass
      • Reacting volume of gases
        • Moles = Volume (dm3) / 24
      • Percentage Yield
        • %= (Actual / Predicted) X 100
      • Atom  Economy
        • % = (mass of desired product / totat mass of reactants) X 100

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