Chemistry 1
- Created by: rachmhw
- Created on: 30-05-16 13:41
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- Chemistry 1
- 1.1 Metals and Non-Metals
- In the Periodic Table there are two categories: metals and non-metals
- Metals are on the left of the stepped line
- Metals are:
- good conductor of heat
- shiny
- high density
- malleable
- ductile
- sonorous
- good conductor of electricity
- Most metals have high melting points
- usually solid at 20 degrees
- Metals are:
- Non-Metals are on the right of the stepped line
- Brittle
- not sonorous
- low density
- dull
- poor conductor of heat
- poor conductor of electricity
- Many non-metals have low boiling points
- for example: oxygen is a gas as 20 degrees
- Elements near the stepped line are called Metaloids
- The have propoties of metals and non-metals
- Metals are on the left of the stepped line
- Properties
- Physical properties: things you can observe and measure
- Chemical properties: chemical reactions
- Most metal and non-metals react with oxygen
- Metal: magnesium + oxygen = magnesium oxide
- Non-metal: sulfur + oxygen = sulfur dioxide
- Most metal and non-metals react with oxygen
- In the Periodic Table there are two categories: metals and non-metals
- 1.2 Groups and Periods
- Vertical columns: groups
- similar properties
- like melting point, boiling point and density
- similar properties
- Horizontal rows: periods
- patterns in the properties
- like melting point
- patterns in the properties
- Vertical columns: groups
- 1.3 The elements in Group 1
- on the left side of stepped line: metals
- Alkali Metals
- Melting point decrease from top to bottom of Group 1
- Boiling point decreases from top to bottom of Group 1
- They are very reactive
- React with with water
- Reaction make Hydrogen Gas
- Reactions get more vigorous from top to bottom
- Also makes alkaline solution so universal indicator turns purple
- Reaction make Hydrogen Gas
- React with with water
- on the left side of stepped line: metals
- 1.4 The elements in Group 7
- Group 7: chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and astatine
- Also called Halogens
- Low melting points
- Also called Halogens
- Are reactive
- They all react with iron
- Example: iron + chlorine = iron chloride
- Very vigorous
- Reactions get less vigorous going down the group
- Example: iron + chlorine = iron chloride
- They all react with iron
- Example of displacement reaction: chlorine + potassium bromide = potassium chloride + bromine
- Elements nearer the top of Group 7 displace elements lower in the group
- Group 7: chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and astatine
- 1.5 The elements in Group 0
- Include: helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon
- Also called Noble Gases
- very low melting and boiling points
- Colourless gases
- They glow bright when high-voltage electricity passes through them
- Commonly used in shop signs and balloons
- take part in very few reactions
- Unreactive
- From top to bottom, the noble gases get slightly more reactive
- Found in the atmosphere mixed with other gases
- Include: helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon
- 1.1 Metals and Non-Metals
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