Chemical Bonds
A mindmap on various types of bonds and their angles
- Created by: Luc Edwards
- Created on: 01-05-13 15:46
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- Unit 1 - Bonds
- Covalent
- A pair of electrons shared between 2 atoms
- Relatively strong bonds
- Non-metallic atoms only
- Untitled
- Dative Covalent
- The shared pair of electrons originates from one of the atoms in the molecule, as opposed to 2
- Ionic
- Between metallic (positive) and non-metallic (negative) atoms
- A lattice of oppositely charged ions
- High electrostatic forces give these compounds a high melting point
- Conduct electricity when molten
- Metallic
- Positively charged metallic ions surrounded by a "sea" of free electrons
- Metallic ions only
- Conduct electricity as the current can move freely through the delocalised electrons
- Positively charged metallic ions surrounded by a "sea" of free electrons
- Bond Angles
- Linear - 2 electron pairs
- Example - CO2
- Angle - 180 degrees
- Trigonal Planar - 3 electron pairs
- Angle - Flat, 120 degrees
- Example - Boron Triflouride
- Tetrahedral - 4 electron pairs
- Example - CH4
- Angle - 109.5 degrees
- Trigonal Pyramidal - 3 electron pairs 1 lone pair
- Example - NH3
- Angle - 107 degrees
- Trigonal Bipyramidal - 5 electron pairs
- Example - PCl5
- Angles - 90, 120 and 180 degrees
- Bent - 2 electron pairs 2 lone pairs
- Example - H2O
- Angle - 109.5 (104.5) degrees
- Linear - 2 electron pairs
- Covalent
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