Chemical Bonding
- Created by: Sanika Morjaria
- Created on: 29-10-14 10:02
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- Chemical Bonding
- Ionic Bonding
- Properties of Ionic Compounds
- High Melting / Boiling Points
- Has a giant lattice of oppositely charged ions .
- Requires large amounts of energy to break up
- Hard but Brittle
- Distortion can cause 2 positive and 2 negative charged ions facing each other and will repel.
- Will break up.
- Dissolve in water
- Water is a polar liquid and has a permanent dipole
- A Electronegative element, it attracts electrons towards itself in a covalent bond.
- Do not conduct electricity as a solid
- Ions in the giant lattice are in fixed positions and are not free
- Does conduct electricity in aq solution or when molten
- The ions need to be free or mobile to carry the electric current
- High Melting / Boiling Points
- An ionic Bond is the electrostatic attractive forces between oppositely charged ions.
- Properties of Ionic Compounds
- Covalent Bonding
- The electrostatic, the shared electron pair is attracted to both nucliei
- Properties of Covalent bonding
- Low Melting/ Boiling points
- The covalent bonds are strong.
- Has weak intermolecular forces between the molecules
- Insoluble in water
- Water is a polar solvent and does not dissolve non-polar covalent materials
- Low Melting/ Boiling points
- Diamond
- High melting/boiling point
- Has Strong covalent bonds. Changes from a solid to a gas
- Does not conduct electricity
- Does not have any delocalised electrons
- Good Thermal conductor
- Vibrations travel easily through the lattice
- High melting/boiling point
- Graphite
- High melting / boiling points
- Has strong covalent bonds in the hexagon sheets
- Conducts electricity
- Has delocalised electrons which are free. An electric current can flow.
- Slippery
- Has weak bonds between the layers which easily break. Sheets can slide over each other.
- High melting / boiling points
- Dative Covalent bonding
- Both Electrons are donated by the same atom
- Examples are NH4+, H3O+, CO,
- Metallic Bonding
- Attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
- Properties of metallic bonding
- High melting and boiling points
- Has a strong electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and electrons.
- A lot of heat energy is needed to overcome the bonds.
- Good electrical conductor
- The delocalised electrons can carry a current
- Insoluble
- Strength of the metallic bonds
- High melting and boiling points
- A chemical Bond is an electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negitive particles.
- Ionic Bonding
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