Chem T3 - Strong & weak acids & concentration of acids

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  • Strong & weak acids
    • All acids can ionise (dissociate) in solution - splitting up to produce hydrogen ions H & another ion e.g
    • Strong acids (sulfuric, hydrochloric & nitric acids) ionise almost completely in water (large proportion of acid molecules dissociate to release H ions. Have low pH (0-2)
    • Weak acids    (ethanoic citric & carbonic acids) don't fully ionise in water (only small proportion of acid molecules dissociate to release H ions. pH around 2-6
      • Ionisation of weak acids is a reversible reaction which sets up equilibrium as only few acid particles release H ions reaction lies well to the left
    • Acid strength tells you what proportion of acid molecules ionise in water

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