Charles I up to the Exclusion Crisis
- Created by: millierice2301
- Created on: 26-04-18 18:18
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- Charles II
- Restoration Settlement
- 1660 (after the Declaration of Breda)
- Cavalier Parliament
- Seeking revenge, not reconciliation.
- Weaken the restrictions on the King's power.
- Militia Act of 1661- King alone was in supreme command of the army.
- Revised Triennial Act 1664- no provisions for the calling of parliament every 3 years.
- Act of Uniformity 1662- conditions so stringent that 1,800 clergymen had to be expelled because they didn't adhere.
- Retained the 1641 Triennial Act.
- Abolition of Prerogative Courts
- Parliamentary control of the milita
- Clarendon Code
- Corporation Act 1661- an oath had to be sworn to the Anglican Church to hold municipal office.
- Act of Uniformity 1662- Book of Common Prayer compulsory in all churches.
- Conventicle Act 1664- forbade more than 5 members of a dissenting group from meeting.
- Five-Mile Act 1665- dissenting ministers could not live within 5 miles of conforming villages.
- Finance
- Charles funded by £1.2 million/year from income tax.
- 1672- Charles unable to pay his debts after 3rd Anglo-Dutch War- Stop of the Exchequer.
- Suspicions about Charles
- 1665- 2nd Anglo-Dutch War: Charles aided Louis XIV against the Protestant Dutch- the English lost.
- 1665- the Plague in London was thought to be caused by Catholics.
- 1666- the Great Fire of London also seemed to be caused by Catholics.
- 1667- Cabal included two Catholic advisers.
- 1668- Charles' brother James announced his conversion to Catholicism.
- Charles signed the Treaty of Dover in 1670- Charles would declare his Catholicism, and Louis would give him enough money not to call any parliaments.
- Religion
- Declaration of Indulgence 1672- included Catholics and allowed Charles to 'dispense with law'
- Declaration removed by parliament in exchange for a grant to pay for the war.
- 1672- Charles unable to pay his debts after 3rd Anglo-Dutch War- Stop of the Exchequer.
- Test Act 1678- holders of public office could not be Catholic- DoY had to resign.
- The Popish Plot- 1678
- Titus Oates spread a rumour that there was a Catholic plot to remove Charles II and replace him with James II.
- Confirmed by James' secretary, who had seemingly been corresponding with a member of Louis XIV's court.
- Exclusion Crisis
- Whigs wanted to remove James from succession and replace him w/Duke of Monmouth.
- Charles believed it was a direct attack on divine right.
- 1679- First Exclusion Bill went through parliament- resulted in dissolution.
- 1680- Second Exclusion Bill pushed through HoC but defeated in the HoL.
- Charles made a secret agreement with Louis XIV in 1675.
- If parliament was suspended by Charles, he would recieve £100,000
- By 1681, Charles was financially independent.
- If parliament was suspended by Charles, he would recieve £100,000
- Parliament of 1681 held in Oxford away from Whig influence- dissolved after MPs tried to push through a third Exclusion Bill.
- Danby's power could be questioned by the Whigs
- Charles dissolved the Cavalier Parliament in 1679 to save Danby- new elections produced an anti-Danby majority.
- anti-Danby= Whigs
- Charles dissolved the Cavalier Parliament in 1679 to save Danby- new elections produced an anti-Danby majority.
- Restoration Settlement
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