changing demography

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  • Created by: Kiwisloth
  • Created on: 06-12-18 15:11
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  • changing demography
    • family size has declined
      • the cost of raising a child has increased as children need necessities which the parents have to pay for, however they also hinder their parents work due to pregnancy and sickness (cost of a child, 2013)
      • women's priorities have changed so they are having children less children and later in life because they are more focused on their careers and becoming financially stable first. (Sharpe)
      • more couplres are choosing to remain childless because parenting is a high standard/low status occupation that impedes on an active and full lifestyle. (McAllister and Clarke)
    • Decline in birth rate
      • women's priorities have changed so they are having children less children and later in life because they are more focused on their careers and becoming financially stable first. (Sharpe)
      • the cost of raising a child has increased as children need necessities which the parents have to pay for, however they also hinder their parents work due to pregnancy and sickness (cost of a child, 2013)
      • more couplres are choosing to remain childless because parenting is a high standard/low status occupation that impedes on an active and full lifestyle. (McAllister and Clarke)
    • Increased Age Of childbearing
      • women's priorities have changed so they are having children less children and later in life because they are more focused on their careers and becoming financially stable first. (Sharpe)
      • There isn’t any pressure to have children early because family life isn’t fluid  (Beck and Beck-Gernsheim)
      • the cost of raising a child has increased as children need necessities which the parents have to pay for, however they also hinder their parents work due to pregnancy and sickness (cost of a child, 2013)
    • Age at marriage increase
      • it is more socially acceptable to cohabit as a trail marriage due to secularisation (religion is no longer significant in contemporary society) (Allan and Crow)
      • there is less pressure to marry young because men and women have redefined social expectations
      • dvwomen's priorities have changed so they are having children less children and later in life because they are more focused on their careers and becoming financially stable first. (Sharpe)
    • ageing population: positives and negatives
      • a positive is that the elderly contribute to the voluntary sector and are seen as 'the social glue of most societies' as they complete around 100 hours of informal volunteering and 55 hours of formal volunteering. (WRVS)
      • another positive point is that the elderly have a great spending power as they spend more on recreational activities than the under thirties while the rise in car and petrol sales affected them the least (Kingman)
      • a negative is that the elderly are a drain on the economy as they require pensions but there are less people working to afford the tax for the state to provide them with a pension. (age concern)
      • another disadvantage is that they can be a strain on the 'pivot generation' as their children will be expected to juggle a career, children and supporting their elderly parents (Brannen)
      • there has been an increase in lonely elderly citizens. as of 2003, 7% were reported to feel lonely, this may be due to an increase in divorce (Victor)
      • an advantage of this is that the elderly provide support for their grandchildren and teach them valuable skills whiles acting as a mediator between them and their parents (Ross et al)

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