Changes in the Local Government
- Created by: laurenmay20
- Created on: 08-03-22 18:18
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- Changes in Local Government
- The Third Element
- In 1864 the Zemstva (regional councils) were introduced after the Emanciapation of the Serfs
- An elected membership of landowners, urban dwellers and peasants
- In 1870 the Duma was created
- This excluded the urban working class
- The liberal voice was named the Third Element
- Dominated by teachers, lawyers and doctors
- They demanded that central government should be remodelled on the lines of the Zemstva and the Duma
- The Third Element was abolished after 1917 and local government was dominated by the soviets
- In 1864 the Zemstva (regional councils) were introduced after the Emanciapation of the Serfs
- Soviets
- The first workers' council (soviet) emerged in St Petersburg in 1905 in the October Manifesto
- Its aim was to co-ordinate strikes and protect factory workers
- SRs and SDs looked to gain representation on the executive committee and influence how the council was run
- In 1917 the council was referred to as the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' Deputies and the Bolsheviks began to dominate
- The Power of the Soviet
- From March to October 1917, the Soviets held most of the power
- They dictated the strikes and controlled essential services like transport
- They also had power over the military
- The first workers' council (soviet) emerged in St Petersburg in 1905 in the October Manifesto
- Judicial Changes
- 1864 Legal Reforms
- Hierarchy of courts to cater for different types of cases
- Better pay for judges to lessen the chances of corruption
- Introduction of a jury system for criminal cases
- 1877: Post Assassination Attempt
- New department of the Senate to try political cases
- The Senate failed after the murder of the tsar in 1881
- New department of the Senate to try political cases
- 1881: Alexander III
- He moved away from the liberal approach to law and order
- Justices of the Peace were replaced by Land Captains
- Police were centralised under the Minister for the Interior
- 1917 Onwards
- New criminal code to punish any anti-revolutionaries
- 1864 Legal Reforms
- The Third Element
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