cells and microscopy

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  • Created by: tia5sos
  • Created on: 15-11-20 20:10
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  • cells and microscopy 1
    • organisms can be Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes
      • Eukaryotes (e.g. all animals and plants) are made from complex cells called Eukaryotic cells.
      • Prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria) are smaller and simpler cells called prokaryotic cells.
      • Both types of cells contain sub-cellular structures - parts of cells that each have a specific function.
    • structures within eukaryotic cells
    • structures within prokaryotic cells
    • cells are studied using microscopes
      • microscopes use lenses to magnify images (make them look bigger).
      • They also increase the resolution of an image.
        • this means they increase the detail you can see.
          • Resolution is how well a microscope distinguishes between two points that are close together.
      • Light microscopes were invented in the 1590's. They let us see things like nuclei and chloroplasts.
      • Electron microscopes were invented in the 1930's. They let us see much smaller things in more detail like the internal structure of mitochondria.
        • thsi allows us to have a much greater understanding of cub - cellular structures. Only elctron microscopes will let us see things as tiny as plasmids or viruses.
      • Transmission electron microscopes have a higher magnification and resolution than light microscopes but they're not portable.
        • they are expensive and it's a complicated process to prepare specimens for use (which means they can't be used to look at living tissue, unlike light microscopes.

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