Cells and living processes
- Created by: geburdon99
- Created on: 02-11-15 15:53
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- Cells and living processes
- Organelles and ultrastructure
- Using a light microscope, you can identify the nucleus, chloroplast and vacuole.
- Using a electron microscope, you can identify a range of organelles in animals and plant cells.
- The detail of the inside of the cells, as identified by the electron microscope, is termed the cells ultrastructure.
- Using a light microscope, you can identify the nucleus, chloroplast and vacuole.
- Division of labour
- Term given to each individual organelle, with their specific function.
- Movement and stability in cells
- Cytoskeleton
- Internal framework that is made up of fibres and proteins. Provides stability to the cell.
- Microtubules are fibres that move a microorganism through a liquid.
- Made of the protein tubulin.
- Other proteins on the mictotubules move organelles and other cell contents along the fibres.
- This is how chromosomes are moved during mitosis, and it's how vesicles move from the ER to the golgi apparatus.
- Known as microtubule motors. They require ATP.
- This is how chromosomes are moved during mitosis, and it's how vesicles move from the ER to the golgi apparatus.
- Flagella and cilia
- Cilia
- Hair -like extensions that stick out of the cell.
- Ciliated epithelium trap mucus.
- Flagella
- Hair-like extension that sticks out of the cell.
- In a sperm cell, the flagella can move the whole cell.
- Cilia
- Vesicles and vacuoles
- Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs found in cells. Used to transport materials and substances across the cell.
- In the plants, the large vacuole maintains cell stability.
- Filled with water and solutes so it pushes the cytoplasm against the cell wall, making the cell turgid.
- Plant cell walls
- Cell surface membranes.
- Made of cellulose, a carbohydrate made out of glucose units.
- Held together by turgor pressure,
- Cytoskeleton
- Organelles and ultrastructure
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