Cell Organisation - Chapter 12 AQA AS Biology

chapter 12 - AS AQA biology 

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  • Created by: H.N
  • Created on: 08-12-12 14:42
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  • Cell organisation
    • all cells contain genes needed to develop into many cells but only a few are expressed in any 1 cell
    • Organ systems
      • organs - work together as a single unit
      • may be grouped together to perform particular functions effectively
      • examples in humans
        • The digestive system
        • the respiratory system
          • brings 02 into the body + removes C02
        • the circulatory system
          • allows transport of gases + other substances around the body
    • differentiation
    • Tissues
      • Examples
        • Epithelial tissues  - line the surface of organs +have a protective of secretory function (in animals)
        • xylem- transport H20 + mineral ions through plant and gives mechanical support (in plants)
        • organs -  combination of tissues that are coordinated to perform a variety of functions
          • but usually have 1 predominant function
          • organ in animals = the stomach
            • muscle - churn + mix stomach contents
            • epithelium - protect stomach wall + produce secretion
            • connective tissue - holds together other tissue
          • organ in plants = the leaf
            • palisade mesophyll - contain leaf pallisade cells that carry out phototsynthesis
            • spongy mesophyll - adapted for gaseous diffusion (holes)
            • epidermis - protect leaf + allow gaseous diffusion (upper epidermis - waxy cuticle to reduce H20 loss)
            • phloem - transport organic materials away from leaf
            • xylem - transport H20 + ions into the leaf
  • Tissues
    • Examples
      • Epithelial tissues  - line the surface of organs +have a protective of secretory function (in animals)
      • xylem- transport H20 + mineral ions through plant and gives mechanical support (in plants)
      • organs -  combination of tissues that are coordinated to perform a variety of functions
        • but usually have 1 predominant function
        • organ in animals = the stomach
          • muscle - churn + mix stomach contents
          • epithelium - protect stomach wall + produce secretion
          • connective tissue - holds together other tissue
        • organ in plants = the leaf
          • palisade mesophyll - contain leaf pallisade cells that carry out phototsynthesis
          • spongy mesophyll - adapted for gaseous diffusion (holes)
          • epidermis - protect leaf + allow gaseous diffusion (upper epidermis - waxy cuticle to reduce H20 loss)
          • phloem - transport organic materials away from leaf
          • xylem - transport H20 + ions into the leaf

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