1.2 Cell Structure
- Created by: melissasimys
- Created on: 25-08-18 09:11
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- Cell Structure
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- single membrane layer
- a system of highly branched and rejoin network of cisternae extending from nucleus to cyto
- cisterna(e)
- membrane-bound sacs
- cisterna(e)
- Structure and Function
- Smooth ER (SER)
- tubular cisternae
- site of lipid and steroid synthesis
- ex: reproductive hormones cholesterol
- Rough ER (RER)
- flattered cisternae
- heavily coated with ribosomes
- 1.protein synthesis
- 2. transport proteins to SER
- 1.protein synthesis
- 1.protein synthesis
- 2. transport proteins to SER
- intracellular transport system
- Smooth ER (SER)
- RIbosomes
- Structure and Function
- consist of small and large subunits
- made of protein and ribosomal (r)RNA
- protein synthesis
- free rib- used in cyto
- on RER -used out of cyto
- consist of small and large subunits
- d= 20nm
- found in cyto (free ribosomes), RER, mitochondria and chloroplast
- 70s (smaller) in mito and chlorop
- 80s in cyto and RER
- non-membrane bound
- Structure and Function
- Golgi Apparatus
- Structures and Function
- stacks of flattened disc like cisterna(e)
- outer forming face
- convex
- transport vessicles from ER form new cisternae
- collect and modify molecules from ER
- inner maturing face
- concaved
- cisternae moves from outer forming inner face
- ex: glycosylation
- DEF: addition of short carbo chain
- to protein = glycoproteins
- to lipids = glycolipids
- inner maturing face
- inner maturing face
- concaved
- cisternae moves from outer forming inner face
- outer forming face
- golgi / secretory vessicles
- transport / distribute products
- makes lysosomes
- stacks of flattened disc like cisterna(e)
- single membrane layer
- Structures and Function
- Lysosomes
- 0.5microm
- fluid filled sac (vesicle) enclosed by single membrane layer
- formed by pinching off from golgi body
- Structure and Function
- contains >/= 40 types of hydrolytic enzymes
- enzymes work best in acidic env
- Nucleus
- 10microm (biggest cell organelle)
- Structure and Functions
- nucleolus
- produces ribosomes and rRNA
- chromatin
- (a string of DNA wrapped around ball-like histone proteins)
- euchromatin
- uncoiled chromatin
- contains genes that can be expressed
- heterochromatin
- densely coiled and condensed chromatin
- euchromatin
- (a string of DNA wrapped around ball-like histone proteins)
- nucleoplasm (nuclear sap)
- inner + outer membrane
- forms nuclear envelope
- double membrane layer
- Nucleus
- 10microm (biggest cell organelle)
- Structure and Functions
- nucleolus
- produces ribosomes and rRNA
- chromatin
- (a string of DNA wrapped around ball-like histone proteins)
- euchromatin
- uncoiled chromatin
- contains genes that can be expressed
- heterochromatin
- densely coiled and condensed chromatin
- euchromatin
- (a string of DNA wrapped around ball-like histone proteins)
- nucleoplasm (nuclear sap)
- inner + outer membrane
- forms nuclear envelope
- double membrane layer
- nuclear pore
- controls entry and exit of substances form the nucleus
- control all cellular activities
- ex: heredity metabolism reproduction
- nucleolus
- Nucleus
- nuclear pore
- controls entry and exit of substances form the nucleus
- control all cellular activities
- ex: heredity metabolism reproduction
- nucleolus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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