B1 You and Your Genes Summary
- Created by: Farhana
- Created on: 25-11-12 11:16
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- Cell
- Nucleus
- Chromosomes
- Genes
- bb- homozygous
- Bb- heterozygous
- Huntington's disease sufferer (Hh) (HH)
- Symptoms: Tremors(shaking), Clumsiness, Memory loss, Mood changes, Poor concentration
- genetic diseases through faulty alleles
- Cystic fibrosis sufferer (ff)
- Symptoms: Breathing difficulty, Chest infections, Thick, sticky mucus in air passage, gut + pancreas, Difficulty digesting food
- Huntington's disease sufferer (Hh) (HH)
- Symptoms: Tremors(shaking), Clumsiness, Memory loss, Mood changes, Poor concentration
- genetic diseases through faulty alleles
- Cystic fibrosis sufferer (ff)
- Symptoms: Breathing difficulty, Chest infections, Thick, sticky mucus in air passage, gut + pancreas, Difficulty digesting food
- Can be prevented
- Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (embryos testedin IVF)
- Issues: If positive, right to terminate pregnancy? Not always 100% accurate. If positive, family be tested? Not safe, miscarriage 1%. Discrimination from employers/ insurance co/s?
- Children + Adults can be tested to see if they carry genetic disorders, e.g. before they want to have children
- Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (embryos testedin IVF)
- Cystic fibrosis sufferer (ff)
- bb- homozygous
- Bb- heterozygous
- Bb- heterozygous
- Can be prevented
- Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (embryos testedin IVF)
- Issues: If positive, right to terminate pregnancy? Not always 100% accurate. If positive, family be tested? Not safe, miscarriage 1%. Discrimination from employers/ insurance co/s?
- Children + Adults can be tested to see if they carry genetic disorders, e.g. before they want to have children
- Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (embryos testedin IVF)
- Cystic fibrosis sufferer (ff)
- Huntington's disease sufferer (Hh) (HH)
- Bb- heterozygous
- Each gene is a code for making a certain protein.
- Proteins are building blocks of cells. Having different versions of proteins means that we end up with diff. characteristics
- Phenotype- The characteristics an organism displays
- Genotype- The genetic make-up of an organism
- Phenotype- The characteristics an organism displays
- Structural Proteins: skin, hair, blood, cytoplasm in cells, collagen
- Functional Proteins: enzymes for digestion , amylase for breaking of starch to maltose
- Proteins are building blocks of cells. Having different versions of proteins means that we end up with diff. characteristics
- bb- homozygous
- (23rd chro.) X and Y determine sex
- SRY is the main genetic switch for the sexual developmentof the human male
- Half of a child's chromosome comes from each parent= resembles BOTH, never identical
- Clones are genetically identical organisms
- Identical twins= clones. (Fertilisation as normal. Embryos splits into 2. 2 seperate embryos develop. Both genetically identical)
- Natural clones - Assexual repro.
- Bacteria- divide into 2 etc.
- Plants- runners move out of base= clones at tips. - Bulbs= grow to form clones
- Animals- Fm. greenfly can just lay eggs = more fm. clones
- Clones are genetically identical organisms
- Genes
- Chromosomes
- Stem Cells
- Embryonic stem cells
- Unspecialised cells found in early embryos
- Removed from embryo= embryo destroyed. Can turn into any type of cells, e.g. beating heart muscle cells
- Unspecialised cells found in early embryos
- Adult Stem Cells
- Unspecialised cells found in adult animals
- Involved in Maintaining and Repairing old/damaged TISSUES & can specialise in many cell types by extractin their bone marrow
- Unspecialised cells found in adult animals
- Embryonic stem cells
- Nucleus
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