Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988
- Created by: mrabomar
- Created on: 05-05-15 08:24
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- Iran - Iraq War 1980-1988
- 8 year long war
- around 500k soldiers killed
- around 500k civillians killed
- longest middle eastern war of the 20th century
- Causes
- Saddam Hussein
- secured presidency in iraq
- wanted to consolidate baath sunni party
- ayatollah Khomeini came to power in Iranian revolution
- called for saddam's overthrow
- both countries relied on oil exports
- iran had great access to al shatt al arab river
- Iraq allowed iran to use it in Algiers agreement
- Iraq wanted to push iran back and have the waterway
- if successful, they could even take Iranian oil fields
- increase Iraq's size influence and prestige in middle east
- if successful, they could even take Iranian oil fields
- Iraq wanted to push iran back and have the waterway
- Iraq allowed iran to use it in Algiers agreement
- iran had great access to al shatt al arab river
- low on time
- September 1980 was a good time to start
- iran wasn't ready for war
- army was purged of officers and soldiers loyal to the shah
- believed to be militarily weak and demoralised
- country's economy was in destruction due to western countries boycotting trade
- due to hostage crisis in American embassy
- army was purged of officers and soldiers loyal to the shah
- iran wasn't ready for war
- September 1980 was a good time to start
- Saddam Hussein
- nature
- iran mobilised revolutionary population
- pushed Iraq back away from the border
- iran's superior navy
- deployed into Persian gulf
- blockaded iraqs ports
- couldn't export
- oil
- supplies required by sea
- couldn't export
- blockaded iraqs ports
- deployed into Persian gulf
- Syria sided with iran
- they were enemies with iraq
- shut off Iraq's main oil pipeline
- ran from Iraqi oil field to Syrian port
- cost $5 billion per month
- Iraq couldn't continue the war
- many other middle eastern countries had to support saddam
- Saudi arabia
- egypt
- jordan
- had a route for Iraq's imports and exports
- avoided blockaded Persian gulf route
- had a route for Iraq's imports and exports
- kuwait
- qatar
- bahrain
- United Arab Emirates
- other supporters
- Russia
- supplied weapons
- USA
- intelligence from satellites
- naval escorts
- through blockaded Persian gulf
- had a route for Iraq's imports and exports
- avoided blockaded Persian gulf route
- had a route for Iraq's imports and exports
- through blockaded Persian gulf
- Russia
- many other middle eastern countries had to support saddam
- Iraq couldn't continue the war
- shut off Iraq's main oil pipeline
- they were enemies with iraq
- ended
- july 20th 1988
- ceasefire called UN resolution 598 universally approved
- july 20th 1988
- iran mobilised revolutionary population
- consequences
- neither country succeeded in primary aim of defeating teach other's military
- both countries' economies were detroyed
- damage to oil infrastructure
- military expenses
- each spent around $500 billion
- less money for education and health supplies
- each spent around $500 billion
- slowed economic development
- recovery was significantly affected
- Iranian broadcast about ceasefire
- Khomeini regretted accepting it
- Khomeini still kept a good reputation
- iran remained shiite
- when he died in 1989, 12 million people wanted to see his body passing by
- Khomeini still kept a good reputation
- Khomeini regretted accepting it
- Iraqi government support declined
- riots and strikes
- despite strictness and control
- because even the army was unhappy by the war
- blamed saddam
- many traitors excecuted
- blamed saddam
- despite debts of around $130 billion
- saddam invested in weapons
- to use on Kuwait later
- saddam invested in weapons
- 8 year long war
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