Causes and consequences of the deline in the death rate

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  • Causes and consequences of the decline in the Death rate
    • Causes
      • Decline in infectious disease
        • Diseases such as cholera, TB, Diphtheria, small pox etc. a far less common or have even been eradicated thanks to better sanitation, vaccination, antibiotics.
      • Improved nutrition
        • Majority of people have far better nutrition than 100yrs ago. People with better nutrition have stronger immune systems so a far less likely to die from infectious diseases.
        • Decline in infectious disease
          • Diseases such as cholera, TB, Diphtheria, small pox etc. a far less common or have even been eradicated thanks to better sanitation, vaccination, antibiotics.
      • Improvements in medicine
        • Vaccination and Antibiotics have helped to eradicated some diseases such as small pox and made most easily treatable. Also, improvements in anaesthetics, antiseptics and hygiene have made many forms of surgery possible and far less fatal.
      • Public health improvements
        • Sanitation has massively improved- sewers and indoor toilets built in all towns/ cities.
        • Decline of hazardous occupations
          • Fewer people work in hazardous professions such as mining, manufacturingetc, and those that do have far better health and safety and working conditions thanks to modernisation and automation.
        • More affluent lifestyles
          • Living conditions have massive improved, so people have far better hygiene, sanitation and nutrition.
      • Consequences
        • Longer life expectancy
          • Ageing Population
            • positives
              • Grey pound- Elderly people usually retired, wealthy, so support local economy
              • 3/4 generation families common- elderly relatives provide vital free childcare to younger generation.
            • Negatives
              • Imbalanced dependency ratio- more old dependants than working young- burden on young, working tax payers is greater.
                • Greater strain on public services/public funding.
              • Women usually outlive husbands- from a generation that tended to marry older men, and are dependant on their income- more single person households- leads to poverty, loneliness and depression.

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